Science discovery

underground it was a year that saw

long-held beliefs challenged by newly

found wonders a church that led to

innovations and a glimpse 130 million

years into the past

in August 2017 alarm sounded at the most

sensitive scientific devices ever

constructed in Washington State the

laser interferometer gravitational-wave

Observatory LIGO detected faint

disturbances from deep space the signal

also hit Lycos sister facility in

Louisiana gravitational waves had

reached Earth prepetition waves are

ripples in space-time space-time is

incredibly dense so to cause ripples you

have to have some sort of object that

has a enormous gravity like a black hole

or a neutron star and when these objects

are rapidly accelerating they bend

space-time and create these ripples that

then travel through the universe to our

detectors on earth like the one last

almost on high alert the LIGO team

quickly reached out to Virgo its

European counterpart in Italy who

confirmed that they too had detected

gravitational waves and then as if by

destiny the stars would align once more

to pave the way to a groundbreaking

discovery

just two seconds later with the Fermi

gamma-ray Space Telescope we detected a

short bright flash of high-energy light

and we call a gamma-ray burst this

alerted the entire astronomical

community to the fact that something

very exciting was happening using data

collected from LIGO Virgo and Fermi

seventy ground and space-based

telescopes scoured the edge of galaxy

NGC for 993 some 130 million light-years

away from Earth searching for a small

flash of light amidst a sea of stars it

would take less than 12 hours after the

alarms rang at LIGO for earth to have

visual confirmation of a

never-before-seen astronomical event

what we saw was the result of the

merging of two neutron stars when they

merged they created an explosion in

space-time those ripples went out across

the universe as gravitational waves and

were detected on earth the matter

involved gave off gamma rays and other

forms of light neutron stars are the

collapsed cores of massive stars left

behind after a supernova explosion no

larger than a mid-sized city these dense

stars have 10 to 60 percent more mass

than our Sun

this pair of stars 200 miles apart were

locked in each other's orbit for over 11

billion years but as they started

accelerating and moving inwards their

orbit quickened from 30 times a second

to an astonishing and unsustainable

2,000 orbits a second then 130 million

years ago they collided in a resounding

explosion

peering into the past telescopes are

able to see the remnants of one of the

universe's most impressive firework

shows a bright flash of blue followed

the initial explosion growing redder and

duller as the days passed until

eventually fading to black the

conditions around these merging neutron

stars have densities and temperatures

completely unlike anything we can do on

earth

the violent explosion was observed to

have produced 200 earth masses worth of

gold and 500 earth masses of platinum

revealing for the first time the origins

of heavy metals in our galaxy we think

that all the gold in the universe was

formed in explosions of this kind after

the explosion happens the gold is spread

out into the gas and dust of the

interstellar medium later on that gas

and dust collapses into brand new stars

and brand new planetary systems and

these weren't the first gravitational

waves detected by LIGO this year two

separate events have been measured

before including a pair of monstrous

black holes that collided to form a

single spinning hole 53 times more

massive than the Sun we received a

perfect signal from this last merger it

traveled three billion light years to

get here in any given galaxy one of

these events might only happen once

every million years but we're now able

to monitor about 10 million galaxies at

a time it's a new type of astronomy

but while we wait for gravitational

waves that can open a window on the

origins of our universe

volcanic activity off the coast of Japan

is presenting scientists with a picture

of Earth's early history when land first

rose from the Seas

violent eruptions spew a steady stream

of lava and rocks expanding the newly

emerged island of Nisshin Oshima three

square kilometers in just five short

months this year these most recent

blasts stopped in August but could

resume at any time situated atop the

junction of four tectonic plates the

Japanese islands offer stunning insights

about the formation of a variety of

landscapes

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analysis of nishino Shima's magma shows

it to be and acidic similar to the

composition of continental crust

monitoring the growth of nation ocean

geologists hope to learn more about the

forces that led to the birth of the

world's eight continents yes not seven

eight

in February 2017 the Geological Society

of America published a startling paper

Zealandia Earth's hidden continent

geologist Nick Mortimer was the lead

author to discover Zealandia is to

change the map of the world quite

literally before hand most people would

say yes we got seven continents they

could count them off but now the world

maps change and we've got an eighth one

on there in the beginning there was no

search for Zealandia Mortimer and his

team discovered the shallow submerged

continent while performing geological

work aboard a research vessel off of New

Zealand's coast and so what the various

geological investigations have led us to

is that we do have the the components of

a continent here when you pull the plug

on the world's oceans

you literally reveal the continent of

Zealandia Mortimer and his team

confirmed for geological markers the

qualifying criteria for a continent

height a varied geology or diversity of

rock types a thick crust and ultimately

size is it big enough corroborating data

include rock samples ocean drill cores

and satellite microgravity measurements

translated into bathymetric or elevation

maps of the seafloor situated between

the Pacific plate and the Australian

plate tectonic forces squeeze to

Zealandia raising out of the water what

we know today as New Zealand

with 94% of Zealandia underwater the

islands of New Zealand and New Caledonia

are just the tip of this continental

iceberg in measuring in at 4.9 million

square kilometres Zealandia is six times

bigger than the so called micro

continent of Madagascar and more than

twice as large as Greenland which also

happens to be attached to North America

to understand Zealandia Zorich ins we

must travel back in time to the time of

the supercontinent Gondwana comprised of

what we know today as Africa South

America Antarctica and Australia when

Gondwana split apart eighty million

years ago it was a bit like the

stretching of bread dough in a kitchen

and then you start to pull that big lump

of dough apart and if you pull slowly

some of those pieces will stretch and

get thinner just like Zealandia which

broke off and slowly sank because of its

relatively thin continental crust it's

not as thick as the main continents but

it is thicker than the ocean crust and

geophysicists know that when you have

thin crust

it floats lower in the mantle and so it

sits lower elevation wise and and that

explains in very simple terms wiser land

areas so submerged

[Music]

either we've got Zealandia in the in the

scientific arena we do hope to

consolidate it and to promote Zealandia

in New Zealand schools first of all and

we have to get in atlases on globes we

hope that the Vandy will become as

common and well-known as any of the

other major continents of course the

initial buzz about Zealandia can only

help its name recognition the notion

that something is so big and so

important could be hidden for so long I

think captured people's imagination out

of sight out of mind no more of course

not everything that's undetected is so

obviously obscured

and one remarkable discovery this year

offers clues about how some prehistoric

creatures could hide in plain sight in

northern Alberta Canada the remnants of

a hundred and ten million year old

dinosaur from the late Mesozoic era

is providing the world with an

unprecedented look at a new species the

notice or a fossil so pristine and

complete that it shows the texture

patterns and color of a prehistoric

giant the notice or is the best vestment

we have and it's the closest you'll come

until we find a better one in terms of

coming face-to-face with the dinosaur

the notice or is next to surreal

a petrified beast caught by Medusa's

gaze we knew it was good but we didn't

know how good it was I think it's the

best preserved armored dinosaur in the

world I'm calling this the rosetta stone

for armored dinosaurs the anatomy of the

new species has already given scientists

clues to how these animals evolved how

they radiated and diversified through

time and it doesn't stop there a skin is

preserved it's not just the impression

of the skin we actually have some of the

original biomolecules preserved one of

the cool things that they tell us for

this festival is that the animal had at

least a component of reddish brown

pigment to its skin the coloration

aspect is very exciting so it's cool to

know what color it was but it's it's

actually more exciting when that has

implications for how the animal lived

researchers believe the notice or was

darker on the back and lighter on its

sides and underside a method of

camouflage called countershading now

keep in mind this was a five five and a

half metre long ten and a half animal

covered in the armor but it still has

camouflage and to us that just

illustrates how intense the predation

was that in the Cretaceous you have

these very large community dinosaurs and

they would have also been very visual

predators so it actually kind of just

shows you how extreme that who system it

likely was back in the Cretaceous

the plant-eating slow-moving beast only

stood a chance because of its

impenetrable coat of armour we see three

rows of osteoderms those are splitter

called cervical rings and it's armored

that would have protected the neck of

the animal and as we move to the side we

see this giant pair of scapular spine

it's basically a big armored spine

coming off the shoulder that's about

half a meter long and the spectacular

specimen still has many secrets to

unveil contents of the notice or stomach

in addition to having skin preserved all

over most of the surface of the animal

we also have abundant gut contents so be

the last meal of the animal preserved

inside and this is what that stuff looks

like so we're currently doing all sorts

of work on this geochemical work

histological work and CT scanning trying

to figure out what these spheroid

structures are and there's been many

ideas that part of the diversification

of dinosaurs is tied to the

diversification of flowering plants and

it would be great to see exactly which

types of plants this guy was eating and

if that hypothesis makes sense we know

what dinosaurs ate how they fought and

now what they looked like

but there are still many questions to be

answered and Alberta might just be the

place to find them it's estimated that

there are thousands of fossils hidden

underneath the earth but when a

six-mile-wide asteroid struck the

Yucatan Peninsula 65 million years ago

dinosaurs had nowhere to hide

in the resulting global Cataclysm of

earthquakes fire storms and tsunamis

ultimately led to their extinction

some analysts however managed to survive

but how since its discovery in 1978

investigations of the asteroids impact

crater include data from seismic images

and recently collected core samples from

deep within the site at Chick shaloo the

data paints a devastating picture of

destruction and led scientists to create

a broad new survival Theory focusing on

habitat and diet adaptability when

dinosaurs perished and a vast new eco

space emerged the surviving species

expanded rapidly to fill it this is

called adaptive radiation a recent study

shows that one out of ten frog species

descend from the original three frog

species that survived the Cretaceous

tertiary extinction event frogs were

able to escape extinction for a number

of reasons they live in an aquatic

habitat that offered protection their

small size and unique metabolism allow

for better endurance of environmental

stress eventually when vegetation

returned they were able to diversify

worldwide and adapt to new lives in

trees

birds - exhibited the same adaptive

radiation around the same time a newly

found 62 million year old mouse bird

fossil in New Mexico helped

paleontologists map the diversification

of land birds which can be traced back

to nine original ancestors which

survived the event warm-blooded birds

feathers insulated them from temperature

extremes their small size and ability to

fly allowed for easier escape from

hostile and barren terrain and their

diet of seeds worms and insects who gave

them the edge after much of the Earth's

surface plant life had died in the end

the ability to adapt to changing

conditions proved two key

characteristics for the survival of many

ancient animals including our smallest

mammal ancestors just as it may be for

humans today as we confront the

challenges of climate change

the city of Miami Beach already knows

what it means to wade through sea level

rise in recent years residents have

experienced elevated high tides at

certain times of the year known as king

tides these events are clear evidence of

incremental increases right now we are

definitely witnessing a sea level rise

impacts these high tide flooding events

that are growing in severity more often

deeper more widespread that sort of a

pattern that we expect will continue

that means huge financial costs by the

year 2100

another predicts two and a half million

Miamians could become sea level refugees

and leave the area it's not only Miami

all around the world sea levels are

expected to rise the question is by how

much

in adopting a multi-pronged approach

Miami Beach has committed 400 to 500

million dollars to combat sea-level rise

building water pumps and raising their

defenses with the continued issue of

climate change and sea level rise we're

seeing a increase of water level every

year we had to make changes to adapt to

this future condition what you're seeing

here we put a boardwalk initially to

give some height but we found that that

wasn't protecting the city what we've

done here is we've increased the levels

of our new seawall the new wall you see

in the background here is our new

standards this is good for a property

another 50 years and we're going to see

water levels challenging even that new

seawall raising its elevation Miami

Beach seeks to stay dry and take control

of its future the city's philosophy our

culture is rising above we believe we

can meet the challenge the challenge is

not only in rising above meaning

elevation its rising too and and

withstanding the challenges that come

with sea level rise due to climate

change as the city engineer I have

complete faith that we can do we can

mitigate we can survive

of course the Earth's oceans have risen

and fallen many times during the

planet's history and new archaeological

evidence suggests these shifting

shorelines may conceal clues about the

earliest Americans until just recently

archaeologists generally agreed that the

earliest people to populate North

America where the Clovis people dating

back to some 12 to 13 thousand years ago

but a group of scientists in San Diego

California have a different theory we

have the bones the fossils the

distribution that rocks the date we have

evidence for humans in North America

130,000 years ago we realize that that

is a startling claim but the scientific

community is struggling with the idea

that humans arrived in North America

130,000 years ago the study of early

humans in the new world has been very

political and very controversial for

over 125 years it's an old mystery yet

to be solved

deciding who got to North America first

and win welcome and thank you for

joining us this morning at the San Diego

Natural History Museum as we share some

exciting news about our discovery made

right here in San Diego

well back in 1992 Caltrans was doing

improvements to State Route 54 which

involved adding a couple new travel

lanes and Richard Cerruti who's a field

paleontologist here at the Museum was

monitoring the excavations on the very

north side of the freeway alignment and

saw this little puff of what's a tusk

material being scraped up by an

excavator and said stop let me go look

at this the bones that Richard Cerruti

found belonged to an ancient Mastodon

that's one - its characteristic of

American ambassador were these giants

sharing North America with early man

130,000 years ago the answer may lie in

the position of the bones and tools

found at the site tooth enamel scattered

throughout the site just don't make

sense

put these stones amongst ancient bone

remnants have been an early form of

primitive tools we felt that it was

important to produce a map where we

carefully plotted or precisely plotted

the position of all the bones and the

stones or whatever else is in there so

we can understand what the general

pattern it's thought that the tools

found with the Mastodon bones were used

for butchering the animal so this is one

of the cobbles that we hypothesized was

used as a hammer stone 100 3,000 years

ago where where there was a carcass of a

mastodon these people were trying to

recover raw materials from it they had a

problem how do how do we break these

bones they look over into the active

River channel find some cobbles of the

appropriate size and weight bring them

back to the site and if you look closely

there's some striations coming off of

that that are indication indications of

what this flake has come off the cuts in

this rock led the San Diego team to

conclude that these were actually tools

used by humans an idea that de Muir says

might not be so far-fetched dr. Stephen

Hollen is co-director of the Center for

American Paleolithic research in South

Dakota he was part of the team that

evaluated the findings from the San

Diego excavation site

so what do we got in here Steve I said I

can't get my mind around this

this site has to be really really old

beat-up tears evidence of humans I said

it goes against everything I thought I

knew and everything I have ever been

taught whole and evaluated the Mastodon

bones and the stone tools recovered from

the excavation site we would take the

drawers out of the cabinets in here and

bring them in on this table and look

through them paleontologists and

archaeologists together richard Cerruti

came in so there were four of us my wife

Kathleen Tom and I and we would look

through and we've looked for these very

diagnostic pieces and one of the things

that we got all excited about first were

these cone flakes that form in a circle

around the point of impact from the

hammerstone and based on the experiment

that we've done in Africa breaking an

elephant femur with a big hammer we saw

the same kinds of fracture patterns that

we did experimentally Poland specializes

in evaluating broken bones at

archaeological sites looking for human

causes as this video shows from a test

he conducted in Africa two years prior

to working on the San Diego project as

we puzzled over this we kept coming back

to this one explanation that explains

all the data was that humans did this

the detective work by the San Diego

Natural History Museum team was capped

by the age dating that Richard Cerruti

had done to prove the age of the

mastodon bones he discovered

this is one of the specimens that he

used in his analysis he cored it and

they also sliced it and after analyzing

over a hundred micro samples from this

specimen and two other specimens of bone

from the site yielded an age of 130

thousand plus or minus nine thousand so

after the article came out there has

been no critic come out to say that the

dating is incorrect in fact other

specialists in uranium series dating

have come out and said the dates look

perfectly good so we're very comfortable

with the dates

while humans arrival in the Americas may

have occurred earlier than previously

thought

new dating of another paleontological

find found in a south african cave could

soon upend long-held theories about the

evolutionary tree of primates and early

humans when we actually got into the

chamber and could start removing it we

realized that not only was there one

individual lying there on the surface

but the floor was literally comprised of

Homo Naledi

there are thousands and thousands and

thousands of remains down in those

chambers and all of you have to do is

sweep the surface off and there they are

so the first time I sort of slid through

that hallway it into the open area where

the chamber is and sort of started

looking around you know you're only

wearing a headlamp so you just see

flashes but every flash of my headlamp

showed bone so I think right at that

point I realized that we had a lot more

than the original photographs actually

had portrayed so that was pretty

exciting oh no way isn't really similar

to any known hominid species in its

entirety of its package you've got

little bits and pieces of almost

everything we've ever found parts of the

skull if you just look at it quickly

look a little bit like Homo erectus got

a very small brain other parts of skull

look very modern like Homo sapiens it

gets stranger and stranger as you move

down the body you get the ape-like

shoulders you get these more and more

human-like arms which end with a hand

this human proportion I was actually at

the London Natural History Museum and

woman a lady was on the wall and then

there was estimated age between 1.2 and

1.8 million years but then when we

actually did the scientific dating of

those teeth this is when things got very

interesting because then we got an age

of 200 to 300 thousand years old when we

got a date it's much younger than that a

quarter of a million years give or take

we realized that we were dealing with a

primitive creature almost like a time

traveller that had come down from deep

times to a point where it is very

possible

that Tom Emilia was in direct contact

with the emergence of modern humans we

never thought that was possible in

Africa until this moment we thought that

there was effectively during that entire

time period of the Middle Pleistocene

late Middle Pleistocene one form a big

brained form of Homo sapiens now there

are two and that adds incredible

complexity to our record the world of

Homo Naledi and other early humans was

different than it is today a veritable

Garden of Eden teeming with life pure

and free from pollution few places like

this still exist and most of them we got

a date it's much younger than that a

quarter of a million years give or take

we realized that we were dealing with a

primitive creature almost like a time

traveller that had come down from deep

times to a point where it is very

possible that Tom Amelia was in direct

contact with the emergence of modern

humans we never thought that was

possible in Africa until this moment we

thought that there was effectively

during that entire time period of the

Middle Pleistocene late Middle

Pleistocene one form a big brained form

of Homo sapiens now there are two and

that adds incredible complexity to our

record the world of Homo Naledi and

other early humans was different than it

is today a veritable Garden of Eden

teeming with life pure and free from

pollution

few places like this still exist and

most of them quite remote but look just

a few feet underwater and you can find

one of the most productive and

overlooked ecosystems on earth

scientists recently learned that

seagrass Meadows helped scrub the

surrounding water clean of bacteria from

raw sewage and other pathogens a recent

study of polluted waters in Indonesia

showed levels of harmful bacteria to be

50% less in spots with robust seagrass

beds leading to healthier fish and coral

in the surrounding area you see sea

grasses oxygenate the water trap

sediment that might otherwise float

freely and host tiny microbes that kill

many harmful bacteria eliminating toxins

improves the health of any system and

the workings of a human body is no

different in athletics though they say

no pain no gain a nod to the physical

effort required to increase endurance

and enjoy the health benefits of

exercise but new pharmaceutical research

also aims to make those benefits more

easily accessible the potential benefit

of a drug that can tune you up in the

way in which you normally get tuned up

by exercise could have really dramatic

effects

playfully known as the exercise pill the

experimental drug shifts metabolism by

triggering genetic instructions for the

body to burn fat instead of sugar during

exercise something that doesn't normally

happen until after extensive training

and conditioning recent tests increase

the endurance of otherwise sedentary

mice which also proved to be resistant

to weight gain while on the drug we have

two groups of mice and one group a drug

the other group as control without the

treatment of the drug so we were quite

surprised to see the astonishing results

the mice treated with the drug they can

run almost 100 minutes longer than the

one that are not treated the increase

was around 70% researchers ultimately

hope their product can improve the

health of the disabled elderly and obese

there are many reasons why people can't

either walk or run or exercise and the

idea is if you could bring a small

molecule into the picture that can

confer the benefits of fitness without

training you could really help a lot of

people from energizing our bodies -

powering societies so we are just

waiting for the next experiment it's

going to happen in ten seconds

there you go you see the flickering of

the plasma we are creating fusion here

this is our little Sun is extremely hard

each day every 20 minutes

researchers build the Sun at the Cullum

fusion Center in Oxfordshire Britain

generating temperatures greater than 200

million degrees these nuclear fusion

trials would be impossible without jet

the joint European torus a doughnut

shaped plasma containment vessel at this

point we're the most important

experiment in the world thanks to jet

where energy is created by combining

hydrogen atoms there's heavy hydrogen

which we call deuterium and the

super-heavy hydrogen which we call

tritium and when they're running around

at these temperatures like 200 million

degrees they bang into each other with

immense speed and when they do and they

get close enough what we call the strong

force which combines the nucleus of

atoms together rips them pulls them

together and they fuse and they make

helium and they spit out a neutral

fusion really is the perfect way to make

energy and yet despite fusions

transformative potential to provide safe

and sustainable energy to the world the

program faces an uncertain future while

the British government committed to pay

for its share of the experiments up to

the year 2020 brexit its plan departure

from the European Union may also lead to

the UK's withdrawal from scientific

agencies like your atom the European

atomic energy community some say this

could jeopardize jet logistics and

operations

and perhaps also the larger

next-generation fusion experiment

currently being built in southern France

if fusion represents harnessing the

physical power of the Sun

a moment of darkness reflected its

emotional tower and all induced euphoria

experienced by millions as the first

total solar eclipse over North America

in three decades made its way across the

United States

[Music]

it's the most unnatural natural

phenomenon I ever saw this is a solar

eclipse and just what people witnessed

on August 21st along a 70 mile wide path

first along the Oregon coast at 10:15

a.m. Pacific Daylight Time and last in

South Carolina 94 minutes later

[Applause]

the uncommon coupling was the most

viewed and photographed eclipse ever

recorded

and yet even as the Sun reemerged from

the moon's shadow some earthly domains

remain as always far removed from its

rays

like the cave chambers 300 meters below

Mexico's mica mine enormous razor-sharp

crystals dwarf human explorers while

today the cave is totally submerged

previous expeditions collected bizarre

life-forms from these crystal giants

they call this place hell on earth

temperatures climb to 135 degrees

Fahrenheit with over 80 percent humidity

even with life-saving body suits no

visit can safely last longer than a half

hour yet deep within this extreme

environment are life-forms which exists

nowhere else known as extremophiles NASA

astrobiologist penny Boston and her team

found 40 strains of mineral eating

organisms trapped within the crystals

here they collected sample microbes some

dormant but alive estimated to be

between ten and fifty thousand years old

including genetically unique and

previously undiscovered life-forms any

extrema file system that we're studying

actually you know allows us to push the

envelope of life further and we add it

to this atlas of possibilities that we

can apply to different planetary

settings they expanding the definitions

of life on earth and where to find it

Boston's findings could impact the

search for life beyond our planet

on places like the protoplanet Ceres the

largest object located within the solar

system's asteroid belt and one of the

scientific targets of NASA's Dawn

spacecraft when t17 startling and

unexpected news began coming in my

colleague found a spectral signature in

her data that is consistent with our the

same signature of of aliphatic

hydrocarbons so here we're finding maybe

the building blocks of biological

material seen here in red the organic

materials are thought to have originated

in the dwarf planet itself

Don's study of Ceres also revealed

evidence of water and volcanic activity

further raising the scientific profile

of Ceres no longer considered a barren

Rock

however stone isn't the only NASA

spacecraft uncovering new surprises

about our solar system seven months

after arriving in Jupiter's planetary

system the Juno Explorer became fully

operational in February of 2017

astonishing researchers with the steady

stream of images and scientific data

it's sending back to earth

Jupiter's by far the largest planet in

our solar system leaving Juno with a

whole lot of ground to cover and

although it is the second brightest

planet in our night sky its formation

and composition have left us in the dark

previous NASA missions have given us

some understandings of its moons small

dust rings and atmosphere but we've not

been able to see past the Vango like

swirls of dense red brown yellow and

white clouds that paint the planet at

least not until now each individual

image is all inspiring especially those

captured when Juno came within 5,000

miles of Jupiter's Great Red Spot the

planets most famous storm poring over

data from Juno's microwave radiometer

scientists hope to learn more about what

powers the Tempest and how it differs

from other Jovian storms this critical

instrument measures six distinct ranges

of thermal radiation as it peers more

than 300 miles beneath Jupiter's clouds

to create a three-dimensional model of

Jupiter's atmospheric environment though

the first time we're looking inside of

Jupiter within two into the interior and

what we're seeing is that it doesn't

work at all like we had predicted almost

every model that has the interior motion

how the magnetic field the gravity field

how the D batma sphere works it's all

different

[Music]

current modeling estimates that the

cloud cover is roughly 30 miles thick

below it there lies a 13,000 mile layer

of swirling hydrogen and helium that

changes States from gas to liquid as it

nears the center leading to a 24,000

mile deep sea of metallic hydrogen if we

can probe it and work out the abundance

of elements in it hydrogen helium the

higher elements as well and work out

roughly what that makes is it'll tell us

something about not only how to do but

it was formed they have a solar system

platform if there is a bunch of rocky

material in the center of Jupiter it

means that the in the early solar system

before Jupiter formed that rocky

substances were probably coming together

and Jupiter got built around those it

could be that Jupiter was built without

any of those and then it just collapsed

sort of like the Sun and there is no

rocky material or or core of heavy

elements in the center strangely though

gravity data collected so far points to

a new possibility a somewhat larger than

previously thought

and perhaps partially dissolved core

leaving Jupiter experts with more

questions than answers we're putting the

pieces of the puzzle together and it's

exciting but we don't have the whole

picture yet Juno's primary mission is

scheduled to continue until February

2018 but this past year

NASA saw another of its extraordinary

explorers come to the end and we are in

the atmosphere as the Cassini space

probe plummeted into Saturn's atmosphere

in a fiery death spiral roughly one

minute's philosophy signaled the

culmination of the crafts revolutionary

scientific quest congratulations to you

all this has been an incredible

spacecraft and she's rewritten the text

books about Saturn the Rings the moon's

Titan so many things have changed

because of Cassini from its launch 20

years ago - its bold grand finale the

cassini-huygens mission has unveiled

some amazing discoveries Saturn is

ablaze with storms of unimaginable force

the place our record with our giant

under constraints

the Rings are even more dazzling than

imagined stretching across hundreds of

thousands of miles they're made of

particles of pure water ice some

microscopic

some the size of mountains they break

apart and they reform so there's this

beautiful cosmic dance going on inside

the Rings

[Music]

cassini also carried a little Lander

called Huygens

which became the first probe to land on

a moon other than our own its target

Titan because of its atmosphere and as

those first pictures came back we just

saw more and more haze and fog and haze

and haze until finally the probe broke

through that haze and we got to see the

surface of time for the first time

Huygens landed in the surface of what

looked like a mud flat the surface

temperature was minus 350 degrees

Fahrenheit and these pebbles were made

of methane ice the nearby lake

a lake of methane then Cassini went into

orbit around Titan and revealed with its

radar system that there indeed are lakes

of liquid natural gas and other

molecules on the surface of Titan

they've evaporate just like here on

earth great clouds of methane which

rained back on the surface creating

rivers of liquid natural gas and lakes

when there perhaps be some very

interesting life in the lakes on Titan

but there were drive formations here too

including dunes that stretched from

miles and miles reaching 100 metres high

and 3,000 meter mountains suggesting

tectonic forces at work here similar to

those on earth

next Cassini headed for a close look at

Saturn's tiny moon called Enceladus here

on the moon's South Pole

strange blue cracks dubbed tiger stripes

75 miles long and hundreds of feet deep

resemble fault lines here on earth

Cassini's thermal sensors picked up heat

coming out of the ice ball 200 degrees

warmer than the rest of the planet

Cassini then captured giant Jets of

water spewing hundreds of miles into

space from the tiger stripes shooting

out at 1,200 miles per hour vaporizing

and then freezing

back on earth Cassini's stunned

controllers quickly reprogram the probe

to fly right through the Jets collecting

particles and what they found was even

more stunning organic molecules the

basic building blocks of life Enceladus

is really special it's giving us free

samples because the guys is there

erupting and they could guide the

spacecraft very close and look to see if

there's water there and there is water

here on earth wherever there's liquid

water whether it's deep in the ocean and

very hot or rocky places or in ice

there's microbial life so it certainly

suggests microbial life could have

evolved on its ellas because it has all

the properties that the earth had when

life began here NASA controllers plotted

the probes deadly descent into Saturn's

atmosphere

[Music]

productive until the end Cassini relayed

detailed information about the planets

environment and then she burned like a

meteor and vaporized scientists will

build on Cassini's contributions as the

search for extraterrestrial life

continues within our solar system and

beyond perhaps around the star system 39

light years away known as Trappist won

the first place found NASA announced to

have multiple planets three year

circling a single star inside the

habitable zone where liquid water can

exist well with this discovery we've

made a giant accelerated leap forward in

the search for habitable worlds and life

on other worlds potentially speaking the

track miss one system has really

captured our imagination because with

this amazing system we know that there

must be many more potentially life

bearing worlds out there just waiting to

be bound earth-like in size and

temperature these three faraway worlds

suggest endless possibilities

the discovery gives us a hint that

finding a second earth it's not just a

matter of if but when these questions

about are we alone are being answered as

we speak in

[Music]

Read More

Artificial intelligence

Welcome to dark dimension

जो कभी हॉवर्ड ह्यूज के स्प्रूस गूस असेम्बली हैंगर का ठिकाना था,
once home to Howard Hughes's Spruce Goose assembly hangar,

और 12 साल पहले फ़िल्माई गई पहली आयरन मैन के अधिकतर भाग का भी।
and home to much of the first Iron Man,
filmed 12 years ago.

यहाँ बहुत सी खुशियों भरी यादें हैं।
Many happy memories here.

और अगर पीछे पलट कर देखने की बात करें...
And speaking of taking a look back...

टेक्नोलॉजी।
Technology.

इसमें इतनी तेज़ी से प्रगति हो रही है,
It's advancing faster

और इसे इतनी तेज़ी से अपनाया जा रहा है, जैसा पहले कभी नहीं हुआ,
and taking less time to be widely adopted
than ever before,

जैसे कि इसमें लगभग 10,000 साल लगे थे
like as in it took roughly 10,000 years

लिखाई शुरू होने से छापेखाने तक पहुँचने में,
to go from writing to printing press,

पर बस 500 साल और, ईमेल तक पहुँचने में।
but only about 500 more to get to email.

अब, ऐसा लगता है कि हम एक नए युग में कदम रख रहे हैं, कृत्रिम बुद्धि के युग में।
Now it seems we're at the dawn of a new age,

कृत्रिम बुद्धि।
Artificial Intelligence.
the age of A.I...

कृपया परिभाषित कीजिए।
Please define.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि कम्प्यूटर साइंस की एक शाखा है
[automated voice speaking]

जिसका संबंध कम्प्यूटर में बुद्धिमान व्यवहार के अनुकरण से है।

ओह, ठीक है। तो यह है।
Uh-huh, okay. There you have it.

इसका क्या मतलब है? मुझे नहीं मालूम।
What does it mean? I don't know.

बहुत लोग इस पर काम कर रहे हैं, ठीक है?
Tons of folks are working on it, right?

अधिकतर लोग इसके बारे में ज़्यादा नहीं जानते,
Most people don't know that much about it,

और इस पर डाटा या राय की कोई कमी नहीं है।
and of course, there's no shortage
of data or opinions.

ख़ैर, मैंने ऐसा सुना था
Anyway, I've heard it said

कि किसी विषय को सीखने का बेहतरीन तरीका है उसे पढ़ाना,
that the best way to learn about a subject

पर आपको सच बता दूँ, मेरी शिक्षा बहुत अधूरी है।
but to level with ya,
is to teach it,
I have a wildly incomplete education...

अपने मुख्य काम में नहीं,
Not in my day job,

जिसमें मैं लगभग एक दशक से कृत्रिम बुद्धि से जुड़ा हूँ।
where I've been A.I.-adjacent for over a decade.

ख़ैर, मेरे ख़याल से अभी यह सबसे अच्छा समय है
Anyway, I figured now would be as good a time as any

इस उभरते हुए तथ्य से जुड़ी चीज़ों को समझने का।
to catch up on the state of things
regarding this emerging phenomenon.

मुझे तो यह पैंडोरा के बॉक्स की तरह लगता है, शायद?
My sense of it is it kind of feels like

इस विषय पर मेरी समझ विज्ञान की कहानियों से आई है,
Much of my understanding on this topic
Pandora's box, maybe... ish?
has come from sci-fi stories,

जो आम तौर पर दिखाती हैं कि हम शांग्री-ला या आतंक के राज्य की ओर बढ़ रहे हैं।
which usually depict us
heading toward Shangri-La or dystopia.

अधिकतर चीज़ों की तरह,
Like most things,

मेरा अनुमान है कि सच्चाई शायद कहीं बीच में है।
I suspect the truth is probably somewhere in the middle.

अब, इसके साथ ही,
Now, along the way,

हम कुछ चीज़ों के बारे में आम ग़लत धारणाओं का
we'll demystify some common misconceptions

रहस्य खोलेंगे जो हमने सोचा हम समझ गए हैं, पर शायद नहीं,
about things we thought we understood, but probably don't,

ऐसे शब्द जैसे "मशीन लर्निंग," "कलन गणित,"
terms such as
"machine learning," "algorithms,"

"कंप्यूटर दृष्टि" और "बड़ा डाटा,"
"computer vision" and "Big Data,"

इन्हें सुविधाजनक ढंग से खोला जाएगा
they will be conveniently unpacked

जिससे हमें यह महसूस करने में मदद मिले कि हम जानते हैं
to help us feel like we know what we're doing,

हम क्या कर रहे हैं।
kinda.

वैसे, पैंडोरा का बॉक्स...
By the way, Pandora's box...

कोई बॉक्स नहीं था।
wasn't a box.

यह...
It...

मिट्टी का एक बर्तन था।
was a clay jar.

कैसा रहा?
How about that?

रहस्य खुल गया।
Demystified.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि मशीनों को सिखा रही है,
A.I. is teaching the machine,

और मशीनें अक्लमंद बन रही हैं।
and the machine becoming smart.

जब भी हम और दमदार तकनीक विकसित करते हैं,
Each time we create a more powerful technology,

हम दुनिया बदलने का एक बड़ा ज़रिया बना देते हैं।
we create a bigger lever for changing the world.

स्वायत्त ड्राइविंग शुरू।
[computer] Autonomous driving started.

यह एक असाधारण समय है,
[Downey] It's an extraordinary time,

एक अभूतपूर्व बदलाव और संभावना का समय।
one of unprecedented change and possibility.

हमें समझने में मदद करने के लिए,
To help us understand what's happening,

इस सीरीज़ में उन अन्वेषकों के बारे में बताया जाएगा जो कृत्रिम बुद्धि की सीमाएँ बढ़ाने में व्यस्त हैं।
this series will look at innovators
pushing the boundaries of A.I...

नहीं, रुकिए!
No, stop!

और कैसे उनके अभूतपूर्व काम हमारी ज़िंदगियों को प्रभावित कर रहे हैं।
[Downey] ...and how their groundbreaking work
is profoundly impacting our lives...

और हमारे आसपास की दुनिया के बारे में।
Yay! [laughing]
[Downey] ...and the world around us.

इस एपिसोड में, हम इंसानों और मशीनों के बीच पहचान,
In this episode, we'll meet two different visionaries

रचनात्मकता, और सहयोग की खोज करने वाले
exploring identity, creativity,

दो भिन्न दूरदर्शियों से मिलेंगे।
and collaboration between humans and machines.

बुद्धिमत्ता पर केवल इंसानों का अधिकार हुआ करता था,
Intelligence used to be the province of only humans,

पर अब ऐसा नहीं है।
but it no longer is.

हम मशीनों को प्रोग्राम नहीं करते हैं। वे खुद-ब-खुद सीखती हैं।
We don't program the machines. They learn by themselves.

ऑकलैंड, न्यूज़ीलैंड

यह बढ़िया है। ठीक है।
Mm. Ah. That's good.
All right.

मेरी पृष्ठभूमि हमेशा कला और विज्ञान रही है।
My background's always been a mixture of art and science.

मार्क सागर सीईओ, सोल मशीन्स

मैंने बायोइंजीनियरिंग में पीएचडी की,
I ended up doing a PhD in bioengineering,

फिर मैं फ़िल्म उद्योग में पहुँच गया,
then I ended up in the film industry,

और किंग कॉन्ग से लेकर अवतार तक चेहरों की नकल बनाने पर काम किया।
working on King Kong to Avatar,
simulating faces.

मेरे कैरियर में एक मुकाम ऐसा आया जब
I'd got to a point in my career

मैं इतना भाग्यशाली रहा कि कुछ अकादमी अवार्ड जीत लिए,
lucky enough to win a couple of Academy Awards,
where I'd been, you know,

तो मैंने सोचा, "क्या होगा अगर
so I thought, "Okay, what happens

हम उन पात्रों को असल में जीवन्त करने की कोशिश करेंगे,
if we actually tried to bring those characters to life,

ताकि असल में उनसे बातचीत की जा सके?"
that actually you could interact with?"

बेबी।
Baby... Ooh.
[toddler crying]

तुम क्या देख सकती हो?
[toddler fusses]
What can you see?

तो बेबीएक्स एक नन्हे बच्चे की सजीव नकल है।
So "Baby X" is a lifelike simulation of a toddler.

हैलो! क्या तुम्हें यहाँ होने की खुशी है?
Hey. Are you excited to be here?

यह मुझे वेब कैमरे के माध्यम से देख रही है,
She's actually seeing me through the web camera,

यह माइक्रोफ़ोन के माध्यम से सुन रही है।
she's listening through the microphone.

हाँ।
Woo... yeah.

बेबीएक्स का उद्देश्य यह समझने के लिए है कि
Baby X is about exploring the nature

हम डिजिटल चेतना कैसे तैयार करेंगे,
of how would we build a digital consciousness,

अगर ऐसा संभव है तो।
if it's possible?

हमें नहीं मालूम यह संभव है या नहीं,
We don't know if it's possible,

पर हम धीरे-धीरे इस समस्या को सुलझा रहे हैं।
but we're chipping away at that problem.

हैलो, बेबी। हैलो।
Hey, Baby. Hey.

जिसका मार्क धीरे-धीरे समाधान कर रहे हैं उसे "समस्या" कहना कम बयानी होगा।
[Downey] "Problem" is an understatement
for what Mark's chipping away at.

भविष्य के बारे में उनका दृष्टिकोण है
His vision of the future

कि उसमें इंसान और मशीन एक दूसरे का सहयोग करते हैं,
is one where human and machine cooperate,

और इस तक पहुँचने का बेहतर तरीका, उनके हिसाब से,
and the best way to achieve that, he thinks,

कृत्रिम बुद्धि को यथासंभव सजीव बनाना है।
is to make A.I. as life-like as possible.

लुकाछिपी
Peek-a-boo!

इसीलिए उन्होंने वहाँ से शुरुआत की जहाँ से अधिकाँश ज़िंदगियाँ शुरू होती हैं,
[Downey] Which is why he began where most life begins...
[Baby X giggling]

एक बच्चे से, जिसे उन्होंने अपनी खुद की बेटी के आधार पर बनाया है।
a baby...
modeled after his own daughter.

तो अगर हम इसकी परतों को खोलने लगें,
So if we start revealing her layers,

यह आभासी माँसपेशियों से संचालित है,
she's driven by virtual muscles,

और आभासी माँसपेशियाँ,
and the virtual muscles, in turn,

आभासी दिमाग़ से संचालित हैं।
are driven by a virtual brain.

यह असली चीज़ की तुलना में काफ़ी सरलीकृत मॉडल है,
Now, these are radically simplified models

पर फिर भी,
but nevertheless,
from the real thing,

ये मॉडल हैं जिनसे हम पता लगा सकते हैं वे कैसे काम करते हैं,
they're models that we can explore how they work,

क्योंकि हमारे पास असली नमूना मौजूद है,
because we have a real template that exists,

इंसान का दिमाग़।
the human brain.

तो ये सभी तंत्रिकाओं के जाल से संचालित हैं।
So, these are all driven by neural networks.

तंत्रिकाओं का जाल आभासी, इंसानी दिमाग़ का एक काफ़ी सरल रूप है।
[Downey] "Neural network"
is a virtual, much simpler version

दिमाग़ हमारे शरीर का सबसे जटिल तंत्र है।
of the human brain.
The brain is the most complex system in our body.

इसमें 8,500 करोड़ तंत्रिका कोशिकाएँ हैं, जिनमें से हर एक बिना रुके काम करती है,
It's got 85 billion neurons, each of which fire non-stop,

सूचना प्राप्त करती है, उसे संसाधित करती है और उसे भेजती है।
receiving, processing, and sending information.

बेबीएक्स का दिमाग़ इतना जटिल नहीं है,
Baby X's brain is nowhere near as complex,

पर वह लक्ष्य है।
but that's the goal.

तंत्रिका कोशिकाओं की जगह उसमें गाँठें हैं।
Instead of neurons, it's got nodes.

ये गाँठें जितनी अधिक चीज़ों के संपर्क में आती हैं, वे उतना ही अधिक सीखती हैं।
The more the nodes are exposed to,

हमारी समझ में यह आया कि डिजिटल दिमाग़ बनाना बहुत मुश्किल है,
the more they learn.
[Sagar] What we've learned is it's very hard to build a digital brain,

पर हम जो करना चाहते हैं
but where we want to go with it

वह है कि हम इंसान जैसी कृत्रिम बुद्धि बनाने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं
is we're trying to build a human-like A.I.

जिसमें लचीली बुद्धिमत्ता हो जिसे लोगों से जोड़ा जा सके।
which has a flexible intelligence
that can relate to people.

मेरे ख़याल से सबसे अच्छा सिस्टम वह है जब इंसान और कृत्रिम बुद्धि एक साथ काम करें।
I think the best kind of systems
are when humans and A.I. work together.

डॉ. अयाना हॉवर्ड रोबोट विज्ञानी

कृत्रिम बुद्धि के बारे में सबसे बड़ी ग़लत धारणा यह है
One of the biggest misconceptions of A.I.

कि यह कोई अति-बुद्धिमान वजूद है,
is that there is a super-intelligent being,

या जिसे हम सामान्यीकृत कृत्रिम बुद्धि कहते हैं, उसे सब पता है, वह सब कर सकती है,
or what we call a generalized A.I.,
that knows all, can do all,

हम सभी से अधिक होशियार।
smarter than all of us put together.

यह बिलकुल ग़लत धारणा है।
That is a total misconception.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि हमारे अनुसार बनाई गई है।
A.I. is built on us.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि हमारी विचार प्रक्रियाओं की नकल है।
A.I. is mimicking our thought processes.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि मूलतः हमारा ही यंत्रानुकरण है।
A.I. is basically an emulation of us.

खुद से पहले के दूरदर्शियों की तरह मार्क असंभव की कल्पना करते हैं।
[Downey] Like visionaries before him, Mark's a dreamer.

वैसे, उनकी महत्वाकांक्षी परियोजना की वर्तमान स्थिति
The current state of his moonshot, however,

काफ़ी ज़मीन से जुड़ी है।
is a little more earthbound.

अपने माइक्रोफ़ोन तक पहुँचने देने के लिए शुक्रिया। आपको सुनकर अच्छा लगा।
[computer] Thank you for granting access
to your microphone. It's good to hear you.

आज, अधिकतर अवतार
[Downey] Today, most avatars

मूलतः गौरवान्वित ग्राहक-सेवा प्रतिनिधि हैं।
are basically glorified customer-service reps.

निश्चिंत रहिए, आपका स्वास्थ्य मेरी प्राथमिक चिंता है।
[service avatar] Rest assured,
your health is my primary concern.

वे आसान सवालों के जवाब और लिखित प्रतिक्रियाएँ दे सकते हैं।
[Downey] They can answer simple questions
and give scripted responses.

मुझे अपने ग्राहकों की मदद करना पसंद है, इसलिए मैं सीखते रहना चाहती हूँ।
I love helping our customers,
so I'm keen to keep learning.

स्वचालित फ़ोन लाइनों से निपटने से बेहतर है,
[Downey] Beats dealing with automated phonelines for sure,

पर यह मार्क के मौलिक विचार से बहुत दूर है...
but it's a far cry from Mark's ultimate vision...

हैलो, बेबी। हैलो।
[Sagar] Hey, Baby. Hey.

ऐसे अवतारों की रचना करना जो असल में सीख सकते हैं,
[Downey] ...to create avatars that can actually learn,

समझ सकते हैं, और अपने आसपास की दुनिया से बातचीत कर सकते हैं,
interpret, and interact with the world around them,

असली इंसान की तरह।
like a real human.

यह क्या है?
What's this?

मकड़ी।
Spider.

हम उसके दिमाग़ में मकड़ी बनाने की शुरुआत कर रहे हैं,
So we're starting to get a spider forming in her mind here,

वह शब्द को छवि के साथ जोड़ना शुरू कर रही है।
she's starting to associate the word with the image.

तो, बेबी... मकड़ी।
So, Baby... spider.

मकड़ी।
Spider.

मकड़ी।
Spider...

बढ़िया! अच्छा, यह क्या है?
Good! Okay, what's this?

मकड़ी।
[Baby] Spider.

नहीं, यह बत्तख है।
No. This is a duck.

बत्तख को देखो।
Look at the duck.

बत्तख।
[Baby] Duck.

हाँ।
[Sagar] Yeah.

बेबीएक्स एक प्रकार की कृत्रिम बुद्धि का उपयोग करती है जिसे "वस्तु की पहचान" कहते हैं।
[Downey] Baby X uses a type of A.I. called "object recognition."

वस्तु की पहचान

मूलतः, कम्प्यूटर ऐसे देखता है।
Basically, it's how a computer sees...

वह मकड़ी जैसी वस्तु को कैसे पहचानता है,
how it identifies an object, like a spider,

या मकड़ी और बत्तख के बीच फ़र्क बताता है।
or tells the difference between a spider and a duck.

आप और मैं इसे स्वभावतः करते हैं,
It's something that you and I do naturally...

पर मशीनों, जैसे कि बेबीएक्स को बिलकुल नए सिरे से सीखना होता है,
...but machines, like Baby X, need to learn from scratch,

मूल रूप से पैटर्न की तलाश में,
by basically sifting through enormous piles of data

डाटा के विशाल ढेर को खंगाल कर,
to search for patterns,

ताकि अंततः, वह कार चला सके,
so that eventually, it can drive a car,

या तस्वीरों की भीड़ में अपराधी को खोज सके,
or pick out a criminal in a crowded photograph,

या मुझमें और... उस इंसान में फ़र्क बता सके।
or tell the difference between me and... that guy.

पर अब मैं इसे बताने वाला हूँ कि मकड़ियाँ डरावनी होती हैं।
[Sagar] But now I'm gonna tell her that spiders are scary.

सावधान। डरावनी मकड़ी।
Look out! Rawr! Scary spider! Rawr!

अरे, अरे, रोओ मत। सब ठीक है। अरे...
Hey, hey. Don't cry. It's okay. Hey...
[crying]

अरे, सब ठीक है।
[Baby crying]
Hey, it's okay.

अब वह मुझे भावनात्मक प्रतिक्रिया भी दे रही है,
Now she's responding emotionally to me as well,

तो हम आभासी तंत्रिकासंचारक,
so we've gone all the way down

हार्मोन आदि तक भी पहुँच गए हैं,
to virtual neurotransmitters, hormones, and so forth,

तो बेबीएक्स में तनाव प्रणाली है।
so Baby X has a stress system.

अगर मैं उसे डराऊँ...
If I give her a fright...

हो!
Boo!

तो हम देखते हैं कि
So we'll see basically

नॉरअड्रेनेलिन का स्राव हुआ,
some noradrenaline was released then,

और उसका दिमाग़ सतर्क अवस्था में आ गया।
and she's gone into a much more vigilant state of mind.

मार्क जिस पर काम कर रहे हैं उसे "भावात्मक कम्प्यूटिंग" कहते हैं,
[Downey] What Mark is working on
is known as "affective computing,"

इंसान के भावों को समझने और उनका अनुकरण करने वाली कृत्रिम बुद्धि।
A.I. that interprets and simulates human emotion.

मेरा विश्वास है कि मशीनें इंसानों से वैसे ही बातचीत करेंगी
I believe that machines are gonna interact with humans

जैसे हम एक दूसरे से करते हैं, समझकर, बातचीत के माध्यम से।
just the way we interact with one another,

राना एल कैलियूबी - अफ़ेक्टिवा की सह-संस्थापक और सीईओ/गर्ल डीकोडेड की लेखिका
through perception, through conversation.

तो क्योंकि कृत्रिम बुद्धि का मुख्य धारा बनना जारी है,
So as A.I. continues to become mainstream,

इसे सच में इंसानों को समझने की ज़रूरत है,
it needs to really understand humans,

और हम भावात्मक कृत्रिम बुद्धि बनाना चाहते हैं जो मशीन को समानुभूति के लिए सक्षम बना सके।
and so we want to build emotion A.I.

हैलो, पेपा।
Hello, Pepa.
that enables machines to have empathy.

- हैलो। - हैलो।
-Hello. -[man] Hello.

- हैलो। - हैलो।
-Hello. -Hello.

हैलो।
-Hello. -[laughing]

ओहो।
Oh, dear.

- हम ऐसा हमेशा कर सकते हैं। - जानता हूँ हम कर सकते हैं।
-We can do this forever. -I know we could. [laughs]

उदाहरण के लिए, उन्होंने दिखाया है कि
[Howard] They've showed, for example,

हमारे नर्सिंग होम में जिन वृद्धों के पास कृत्रिम बुद्धि वाला सहायक है,
older adults who have A.I. aides at their nursing homes,

वे ऐसे रोबोट के साथ अधिक खुश रहते हैं जो भावनाएँ दिखा सकते हैं और सामाजिक हैं
they are happier
with a robot that emotes and is social

बजाय इसके कि उनके साथ कोई न हो।
than having no one there.

यह इंसानी रिश्तों की वास्तव में बढ़ोतरी है।
That's really the enhancement of human relationships.

हैलो... हैलो।
[Sagar] Hey... Hello.

पता है, इंसान के इतिहास में
You know, human cooperation

इंसान का सहयोग सबसे शक्तिशाली बल है, है न?
is the most powerful force in human history, right?

बुद्धिमान मशीनों के साथ इंसान का सहयोग
Human cooperation with intelligent machines

इतिहास के नए युग को परिभाषित करेगा।
will define the next era of history.

एक ऐसी मशीन का इस्तेमाल जो
Using a machine which is connected

इंटरनेट के माध्यम से पूरी दुनिया से जुड़ी है,
with the rest of the world through the Internet,

जो एक रचनात्मक, सहयोगपूर्ण भागीदार की तरह काम कर सकती है?
that can work as a creative, collaborative partner?

यह अविश्वसनीय है।
That's unbelievable.

लॉस एंजेलिस, कैलिफ़ोर्निया

फ़्यूचर स्टूडियोज़

जेसिका। जेसिका। एक बार और, एक बार और।
[will.i.am] Jessica. Jessica. One more time, one more time.

हम पहले दो छंदों से शुरू करेंगे,
We're gonna go from just the first two verses,

और पहले दो छंदों में हमें तीन मिनट लगेंगे, ठीक है?
and the first two verses
will take us to three minutes, okay?

मुझे संगीत पसंद है।
I love music.

संगीत की पूरी अवधारणा सहयोग है,
The whole concept of music is collaboration,

अगर लोग मुझे संगीतकार की तरह देखते हैं तो बढ़िया है।
so if there are some people that see me as a musician,

विल.आई.एम ब्लैक आईड पीज़
that's awesome.

मेरी दिलचस्पी पहले कृत्रिम बुद्धि में हुई
I first became interested in A.I.

क्योंकि रचना करने के लिए कृत्रिम बुद्धि बहुत ही उपयोगी जगह है।
because A.I. is a very fruitful place to create in.

हमारे लिए यह नया साधन है।
It's a new tool for us.

मैं सपने देखता हूँ, और सपनों को वास्तविकता बनाता हूँ,
I dream, and make my dreams reality,

वह सपना चाहे गीत हो या मेरा खुद का अवतार।
whether the dream is a song
or the dream is an avatar of myself.

एक बार एक दोस्त ने कहा, "तुम अपना क्लोन नहीं बना सकते।
One time, a friend was like, "Well, you can't clone yourself.

तुम एक साथ दो जगहों पर नहीं हो सकते।"
You can't be in two places at once."

यही अवतार का वादा है।
That's the promise of the avatar.

स्टेज//2

मैंने इसे वहीं छोड़ दिया।
I left it over there.

ठीक है, हम शुरू करते हैं।
All right, here we go.

तो, आप द मैट्रिक्स में प्रवेश करने वाले हैं।
[Sagar] So, you're about to enter the Matrix.

मैं कुछ पोज़ के माध्यम से आपको निर्देशित करूँगा।
I'm gonna sort of direct you through just a bunch of poses.

सोल मशीन्स की टीम यहाँ पर है
[will.i.am] The team from Soul Machines

मेरा डिजिटल अवतार बनाने के लिए।
is here to create a digital avatar of myself.

उन्होंने मुझे इन अजीब रोशनियों वाली
They had to put me in this huge contraption

इस विशाल अजीब मशीन में डाल दिया।
with these crazy lights.

आप मुझसे क्या करवाना चाहते हैं?
What do you want me to do?

आपका चेहरा एक साधन है।
[Sagar] Your face is an instrument.

चेहरे की सभी झुर्रियाँ हस्ताक्षर की तरह हैं,
All the wrinkles on the face is like a signature,

तो हम आपके चेहरे का
so we want to get

यथासंभव उच्च गुणवत्ता वाला मॉडल चाहते हैं।
the highest-quality digital model of you that we can.

ठीक है।
Okay. [chuckles]

हाँ, यह ठीक है। अच्छा शुरू करो।
[Sagar] Yeah, that's perfect. Okay, go.
[rapid shutters snapping]

हमें उनके चेहरे की संपूर्ण बनावट को लेना है।
[Sagar] So we have to capture all the textures of their face.

उनके चेहरे की पूरी ज्यामिति को...
The geometry of their face...

बड़े, किटकिटाने वाले दाँत।
Big, gnashy teeth.

चेहरे के विभिन्न भावों को बनाने के लिए उनका चेहरा कैसे बदलता है।
How their face deforms
to form the different facial expressions.

और चुंबन कैसा रहेगा?
And how about a kiss?

आप कर सकते हैं...
You could do...

आँखें बंद करके?
With my eyes closed?

मैं आँखें खोलकर चुंबन नहीं करता।
'Cause I don't kiss with my eyes open.

बीच-बीच में, देख लेता हूँ।
Every once in a while, I peek.

मैं आईडाटिटी के आधार पर अपना डिजिटल अवतार चाहता था,
I wanted to have
[cameras snapping]
a digital avatar around the idea of Idatity,

जिसका मतलब है मेरे डाटा और मेरी पहचान के बीच संबंध।
and that's the marriage of my data and my identity.

हर किसी को पहचान की चोरी की चिंता है।
Everyone's concerned about, like, identity theft.

जबकि, हर कोई इंटरनेट पर अपना डाटा मुफ़्त में दे रहा है।
Meanwhile, everybody's giving away all their data for free

मैं वह हूँ जो मुझे पसंद है और जो मुझे पसंद नहीं है, मैं वह हूँ जहाँ मैं जाता हूँ, मैं वह हूँ जिसे मैं जानता हूँ।
I'm what I like and what I don't like,
on the Internet.

मैं वह हूँ जो मैं खोजता हूँ। मैं अपने अँगूठे का निशान हूँ।
I'm what I search. I am my thumbprint.
I'm where I go, I'm who I know.

मैं अपना डाटा हूँ। मैं यही हूँ।
I am my data. That's who I am.

अपनी पलकों को ऐसे नीचे कीजिए।
You pull your eyelids down like that.

हम इसे लेना चाहते हैं... हाँ।
We want to get that... yup.

जब मैं इंस्टाग्राम, और गूगल पर होता हूँ,
[will.i.am] When I'm on Instagram and I'm on Google,

मैं असल में खुद को बेहतर समझने के लिए उन कलन गणित की प्रोग्रामिंग कर रहा होता हूँ।
I'm actually programming those algorithms to better understand me.

बहुत बढ़िया।
Awesome.

भविष्य में, मेरा अवतार वह सब काम करेगा,
In the future, my avatar's gonna be doing all that stuff,

मैं उसे प्रोग्राम कर दूँगा।
because I'm gonna program it.

इसके माध्यम से मनोरंजन करें, इसके माध्यम से जानकारी प्राप्त करें,
Get entertained through it, get information through it,

और आपको ऐसा लगेगा
and you feel like

आप एक बुद्धिमान हस्ती के साथ फ़ेसटाइम कर रहे हैं।
you're having a FaceTime with an intelligent entity.

"हैलो, इस लिंक को देखो।"
[laughing] "Yo, check out this link."

"अरे, वाह, यह कमाल है।"
"Oh, wow, that's crazy."

"हैलो, क्या इसे मेरे ट्विटर पर पोस्ट कर सकते हो?"
"Yo, can you post that on my Twitter?"
[laughter]

- हैलो। - हैलो।
-Hey. -Hey.

सेट पर शांति

मैं सोल मशीन्स का प्रमुख ऑडियो इंजीनियर हूँ।
All right, I'm the Soul Machines lead audio engineer.

उम्मीद है हम आपकी आवाज़ का कृत्रिम बुद्धि वाला संस्करण तैयार कर पाएँगे।
Hopefully we'll be able to build an A.I. version of your voice.

विल का रूप तैयार करने के बाद,
After creating Will's look,

हमें उनकी आवाज़ तैयार करनी है।
then we now have to create his voice.

इसके लिए जैसे विल बोलते हैं
For that, we actually have to capture a lot of samples

हमें उसके बहुत सारे नमूने लेने होंगे,
about how Will speaks,

और यह असल में काफ़ी चुनौतीपूर्ण प्रक्रिया है।
and that's actually quite a challenging process.

- हम शुरू करें? - हाँ, शुरू करते हैं।
-Shall we kick off? -Yeah, let's kick off.

- ठीक है, शुरू करते हैं। - हाँ।
-A'ight, boo, here we go. -Yeah.

मैं विल हूँ, और मुझे आपसे मिलकर खुशी हुई।
I'm Will, and I'm happy to meet you.

मैं टेक्नोलॉजी को जीवन में लाना चाहता हूँ,
I'm here to bring technology to life,

और आइए कृत्रिम बुद्धि के बारे में बात करते हैं।
and let's talk about Artificial Intelligence.

उफ़। सच में? वाह।
Oops. Really? Whoa.

बहुत खूब।
That's dope!

"बहुत खूब" कहने के काफ़ी तरीके हैं, भाई।
So there's so many ways of saying "dope," bro.

हाँ, हाँ।
Yeah, yeah.

यह वास्तविकता के कितना करीब होगा?
Now, how realistic is it going to be?

सुनने में यह आपकी तरह ही लगेगा।
This will sound like you.

वाक्यों को टुकड़ों में तोड़ सकते हैं ताकि हम शब्द बना पाएँ
The sentences can be divided up into parts

और वाक्यों का निर्माण कर सकें, लेगो ब्लॉक्स की तरह।
and build sentences, like LEGO blocks.
so that we can create words

सुनने में यह बिलकुल आपकी तरह लगेगा।
It will sound exactly like you.

अच्छा, शायद हम इसे बिलकुल सटीक न बनाना चाहें।
Well, maybe we don't want to have it too accurate.

जिससे आप लोगों को हैरान न करें, शायद मैं इसे बिलकुल सटीक नहीं चाहता।
So you don't freak people out, maybe I don't want it accurate.

शायद, किसी तरह की...
Maybe, there should be some type of...

"यही कृत्रिम बुद्धि है,"
"That's the A.I.,"

क्योंकि यह बिलकुल नया आधार है।
'cause this is all new ground.

- हाँ। - जैसे, हम...
-Yeah. -Like, we've...

हम एक ऐसे मोड़ पर हैं, समाज में हम जिस पर कभी नहीं हुए,
we are in an intersection of a place

जिसमें लोगों को यह तय करना होगा क्या असली है और क्या नहीं।
that we've never been in society,
where people have to determine
what's real and what's not.

मैं टेक्नोलॉजी को जीवन में लाना चाहता हूँ

जब मार्क न्यूज़ीलैंड वापस चले जाते हैं
[Downey] While Mark jets back to New Zealand

विल की डिजिटल कार्बन कॉपी तैयार करने के लिए,
to try to create Will's digital doppelganger,

विल पीछे रह जाते हैं सोचते हुए...
Will's left waiting, and wondering...

क्या मार्क इसे कर पाएँगे?
can Mark pull this off?

अपना एक सजीव अवतार होने का क्या मतलब है?
What does it mean
to have a lifelike avatar of you?

खुद की एक डिजिटल नकल?
A digital replicant of yourself?

क्या यह अच्छा ख़याल है?
Is that a good idea?

कितनी दूर जाना काफ़ी होगा?
How far is too far?

टेक्नोलॉजी की शुरुआत से हम मशीनों के साथ सहयोग कर रहे हैं।
[Domingos] We've been collaborating with machines

किन्हीं अर्थों में, हम सभी साइबोर्ग बन चुके हैं।
I mean, even today,
since the dawn of technology.

पेड्रो डोमिन्गोस - प्रोफ़ेसर, कम्प्यूटर साइंस, वॉशिंगटन विश्वविद्यालय
in some sense, we are all cyborgs already.

उदाहरण के लिए,
For example,

डेट की तलाश के लिए आप ऑकक्यूपिड का इस्तेमाल करते हैं,
you use OKCupid to find a date,

फिर यह तय करने के लिए कि कहाँ जाएँ, किस रेस्तराँ में जाएँ,
and then you use Yelp to decide where to go, you know,

येल्प का इस्तेमाल करते हैं,
what restaurant to go to,

फिर आप अपनी कार चलाना शुरू करते हैं,
and then you start driving your car,

पर उसमें जीपीएस सिस्टम है जो आपको असल में बताता है कहाँ जाना है।
but there's a GPS system that actually tells you where to go.

इस तरह इंसान और मशीन का निर्णय लेना
So the human and the machine decision-making

आपस में काफ़ी कसकर जुड़ा हुआ है,
are very tightly interwoven,

और मुझे लगता है जैसे-जैसे हम आगे बढ़ेंगे यह बढ़ेगा ही।
and I think this will only increase as we go forward.

अटलांटा, जॉर्जिया
[Downey] Human collaboration with intelligent machines...

बुद्धिमान मशीनों के साथ इंसानी सहयोग...

एक अलग शहर में अलग दृष्टिकोण के साथ एक अलग संगीतकार
A different musician in a different town

इसी समस्या का समाधान खोज रहा है।
is giving the same problem a shot.
with a different approach

लोगों को चिंता है कि कृत्रिम बुद्धि इंसानों की जगह ले रही है,
[Gil Weinberg] People are concerned
about A.I. replacing humans,

और मेरा ख़याल है कि यह
and I think it is not only

इंसानों की जगह नहीं लेगी, बल्कि उन्हें बेहतर बनाएगी।
not going to replace humans, it's going to enhance humans.

जॉर्जिया टेक

मैं गिल वेनबर्ग हूँ, मैं जॉर्जिया टेक के
I'm Gil Weinberg. I'm the founding director

म्यूज़िक टेक्नोलॉजी सेंटर का संस्थापक निदेशक हूँ।
of Georgia Tech Center for Music Technology.

तैयार?
Ready?
[plays piano]

अपनी प्रयोगशाला में, हम नई तकनीक विकसित करने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं
In my lab, we are trying to create the new technologies

जो भावनापूर्ण होने, रचनात्मक होने के
that will explore new ways to be expressive...

नए तरीकों की खोज करेगी।
to be creative...

शिमोन, यह मैरिम्बा बजाने वाला रोबोट है।
Shimon, it's a marimba-playing robot.

शिमोन इंप्रोवाइज़िंग रोबोट
[playing marimba]

यह इंसानों को बजाते हुए सुनता है,
What it does is listen to humans playing,

और इंप्रोवाइज़ कर सकता है।
and it can improvise.

शिमोन हमारा पहला रोबोटिक संगीतकार है
Shimon is our first robotic musician

जो पैटर्न खोजने में सक्षम है,
that has the ability to find patterns,
so, machine learning.

मशीन लर्निंग

डाटा में पैटर्न खोजने की क्षमता मशीन लर्निंग है।
Machine learning
is the ability to find patterns in data.

उदाहरण के लिए, अगर हम शिमोन में माइल्स डेविस को भरें,
So, for example, if we feed Shimon Miles Davis,

वह यह देखने की कोशिश करेगा कि वह किस सुर के बाद कौन सा सुर बजाने वाले हैं,
it will try to see
what note is he likely to play after what note,

और जब उसे अपने पैटर्न मिल जाएँगे, वह उनमें बदलाव शुरू कर सकता है,
and once it finds its patterns, it can start to manipulate it,

और फिर मेरा रोबोट एक ऐसी शैली में संगीत बजा सकता है
and I can have the robot playing in a style

जो शायद 30 प्रतिशत माइल्स डेविस की, तीस प्रतिशत बाख़ की,
that maybe is 30% Miles Davis, 30% Bach,

तीस प्रतिशत मैडोना की, और 10 प्रतिशत मेरी हो,
30% Madonna, and 10% my own,

और ऐसा संगीत बना सकता है जैसा इंसान कभी नहीं बनाएँगे।
and create morphing of music that humans would never create.
[band playing tune]

कृत्रिम रचनात्मकता और
[Downey] Gil's groundbreaking work

संगीत की अभिव्यक्ति के क्षेत्र में गिल का अभूतपूर्व काम
in artificial creativity and musical expression

दुनिया भर की सिम्फनियों द्वारा पेश किया गया है।
has been performed by symphonies around the world...

पर उनकी नई खोज ने
...but his innovation

एक दूसरे संगीतकार का ध्यान भी खींचा है।
also caught the attention of another musician...

ठीक है।
Okay.

एक इंसान जिसने अप्रत्याशित रूप से गिल को
[Downey] ...a guy who unexpectedly pushed Gil

इंसानों की बेहतरी के लिए रोबोट में सुधार करने से आगे बढ़ाया।
to augmenting humans.
beyond enhancing robots

मैं जेसन बार्न्स से छह साल पहले मिला था,
[Weinberg] I met Jason Barnes about six years ago,

जब मैं शिमोन को विकसित करने का एक चरण ख़त्म करने वाला था,
when I was just about finishing one phase of developing Shimon,

और मैं सोचने लगा था कि "अब आगे क्या?"
and I was starting to think, "What's next?"

मुझे ड्रम का अपना पहला सेट पंद्रह साल की उम्र में क्रिसमस पर मिला था,
[Barnes] I got my first drum kit when I was 15, on Christmas,

और जब मेरी बाँह गई, मेरी उम्र 22 साल थी,
and when I lost my limb, I was 22,

तो मुझे दो बाँहों की आदत थी।
so I was kind of used to having two limbs.

जेसन बार्न्स संगीतकार

मैंने कृत्रिम बाँह बनवाने की कोशिश शुरू कर दी ताकि मैं वापस ड्रम बजाने की कोशिश कर सकूँ,
I started trying to fabricate prosthetics

जिसके कारण अंततः मैं जॉर्जिया टेक के साथ काम और सहयोग करने लगा।
which eventually led me to working and collaborating with Georgia Tech.
to try and get me back on the kit,

उसने मुझे बताया कि उसने अपनी बाँह गंवा दी है,
[Weinberg] He told me that he lost his arm,
[playing drums]

वह बहुत दुखी और हताश था,
he was devastated, he was depressed,

संगीत उसकी ज़िंदगी था,
music was his life,

और उसने कहा, "मैंने देखा कि आप रोबोट संगीतकार विकसित करते हैं।
and he said, "I saw that you develop robotic musicians.

क्या आप अपनी तकनीक का उपयोग ऐसे कर सकते हैं
Can you use some of the technology that you have

कि जिसकी मदद से मैं पहले की तरह फिर से ड्रम बजा सकूँ?"
in order to allow me to play again like I used to?"

तो यह कृत्रिम बाँह थी जो हमने जेसन के लिए विकसित की।
So that's the prosthetic arm that we built for Jason.

जब वह हमारे पास आया,
When he came to us,

वह बस यहाँ पर संवेदकों का उपयोग करने में सक्षम होना चाहता था
he just wanted to be able to use sensors here

ताकि वह छड़ी को कस कर या हल्के से पकड़ सके।
so he can hold the stick tight or loose.

मैंने सलाह दी "ऐसा करते हैं, पर, यह भी करते हैं
I suggested "Let's do that, but also,

कि हमारे पास दो छड़ियाँ हों।
let's have two sticks.

एक छड़ी अपने खुद के दिमाग़ से काम करे,
One stick can operate with a mind of its own,

संगीत को समझते हुए और इंप्रोवाइज़ करते हुए।
understanding the music and improvising.

एक छड़ी वह काम करे जो तुम अपनी माँसपेशियों के ज़रिए उसे बताओ,
One stick can operate based on what you tell it with your muscle,

और दोनों में से हर छड़ी 20 हर्ट्ज बजाए...
and also, each one of the sticks can play 20 hertz...

जो किसी भी इंसान के बजाने से तेज़ है,
...faster than any humans,

मिलकर, वे पॉलीरिद्म रच सकते हैं,
and together, they can create polyrhythm,

सभी तरह की रचना कर सकते हैं जो इंसान नहीं कर सकते।"
create all kind of textures that humans cannot create."

मेरे ख़याल से हम बजाने के लिए तैयार हैं।
All right. I think we're ready to play.
[all playing tune]

कई तरह से, रोबोटिक बाँह
[Downey] In some ways, the robotic drum arm

जेसन को पहले से बेहतर ड्रम बजाने में मदद कर रही है,
allows Jason to play better than he ever has,

पर इसमें अब भी इंसानी बाँह के असली काम या एहसास की कमी है।
but it still lacks the true function,
or feeling, of a human hand.

वे किसी तरह की निपुणता और सूक्ष्म नियंत्रण प्रदान नहीं करतीं
[Weinberg] They don't provide
the kind of dexterity and subtle control

जिससे सच में कुछ किया जा सके।
that would really allow anything.

इस जानकारी ने गिल को उनकी अगली नई रचना की ओर बढ़ाया...
[Downey] This revelation
drove Gil to his next innovation...

स्काईवॉकर हाथ।
the Skywalker Hand.

जो स्टार वार्स के ल्यूक स्काईवॉकर से प्रेरित था और जेसन के सहयोग से बनाया गया,
Inspired by Luke Skywalker from Star Wars,
and created in collaboration with Jason,

क्रांतिकारी तकनीक वह लेकर आई जो कभी हमारी आकाशगंगा के थोड़ा करीब
the revolutionary tech
brings what was once the realm of sci-fi

वैज्ञानिक कहानी के दायरे में था।
a little closer to our galaxy.

यह बिलकुल 3-डी प्रिंटिंग से बने हाथ की तरह है
[Barnes] This is just like a 3D-printed hand

जिसकी ऑनलाइन फाइलें आप डाउनलोड कर सकते हैं।
that you can, like, download the files online.

वर्तमान में, सबसे उन्नत कृत्रिम हाथ भी न थम्स अप दिखा सकते हैं और न ही गुस्सा।
[Downey] Currently, most advanced prosthetic hands
can't even thumbs-up or flip you the bird.

वे पाँचों उँगलियों का एक साथ उपयोग करके
They can only open or grip,

केवल खुल सकते हैं या पकड़ सकते हैं।
using all five fingers at once.

आजकल बाज़ार में उपलब्ध अधिकतर कृत्रिम हाथ,
Most of the prosthetics that are available on the market nowadays,

असल में ईएमजी तकनीक का उपयोग करते हैं,
um, actually use EMG technology,

मतलब "इलेक्ट्रोमायोग्राफ़ी,"
which stands for "electromyography,"

असल में इसमें दो संवेदक होते हैं
and essentially what it does is there are two sensors

जो मेरी बाकी बची बाँह से संपर्क बनाते हैं,
that make contact with my residual limb,

और माँसपेशियों से विद्युत संकेत प्राप्त करते हैं।
and they pick up electrical signals from the muscles...

तो जब मैं अपनी बची बाँह को हिलाता और आगे बढ़ाता हूँ,
So again, when I flex and extend my residual limb,

इससे हाथ खुलता है और बंद होता है,
it will open and close the hand,

और मैं उसे घुमा भी सकता हूँ,
um, and I can rotate as well,

पर ईएमजी के साथ समस्या यह है कि
but the problem with EMG

यह बहुत अस्पष्ट विद्युत संकेत है, शून्य से 100 प्रतिशत तक।
is it's a very vague electrical signal, so zero to 100%.

यह पूरी तरह से सही नहीं होते है।
It's not very accurate at all.

स्काईवॉकर हाथ अल्ट्रासाउंड तकनीक का उपयोग करता है।
The Skywalker Hand actually uses ultrasound tech.

अल्ट्रासाउंड छवि बनाता है,
Ultrasound provides an image,

और आप बाँह के अंदर सब कुछ देख सकते हैं।
and you can see everything that's going on inside of the arm.

अनामिका

अल्ट्रासाउंड शरीर के अंदर की सजीव छवि प्राप्त करने के लिए
[Downey] Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves

उच्च आवृत्ति वाली ध्वनि तरंगों का उपयोग करता है।
to capture live images from inside the body.

जब जेसन अपनी किसी भी लापता उँगली को हिलाने के लिए माँसपेशियाँ हिलाता है,
As Jason flexes his muscles
to move each of his missing fingers,

अल्ट्रासाउंड सजीव छवियाँ बनाता है, जिनसे उसकी मंशा का आभास होता है।
ultrasound generates live images that visualize his intention.

फिर कृत्रिम बुद्धि पैटर्न समझने के लिए मशीन लर्निंग का उपयोग करती है,
The A.I. then uses machine learning

जिससे वह इंसान जिसका एक हाथ नहीं है, अलग-अलग सभी पाँचों उँगलियाँ हिला पाता है,
letting a man who's lost one of his hands
to predict patterns,
move all five of his fingers individually,

भले ही वह कीथ मून की तरह अप्रत्याशित क्यों न हो।
even if he's as unpredictable as Keith Moon.

जो काम गिल कर रहे हैं वह सचमुच महत्वपूर्ण है।
[Howard] The work that Gil is doing

गिल की पृष्ठभूमि इंजीनियरिंग नहीं है,
Gil comes from a non-engineering background,
is really important.

जिसका मतलब है उनकी तकनीक और रोबोटिक्स के बारे में उनके सोचने का तरीका
which means that his technology
and the way he thinks about robotics

असल में, उदाहरण के लिए, मेरे सोचने के तरीके से बहुत भिन्न है,
is actually quite different
than, say, the way I would think about it,

क्योंकि मेरी पृष्ठभूमि इंजीनियरिंग है।
since I come from an engineering background.

समानता यह है कि हम ऐसे रोबोट डिज़ाइन करना चाहते हैं
And the commonality is that we want to design robots

जो दुनिया पर ज़बरदस्त असर डाल सकें।
to really impact and make a difference in the world.

हम जेसन बार्न्स के साथ अवधारणा का प्रमाण बनाने में सफल रहे।
[Weinberg] We were able to create a proof of concept

जब हमने समझ लिया कि हम अल्ट्रासाउंड के साथ यह कर सकते हैं,
Once we discovered that we can do this with ultrasound,
with Jason Barnes.

मैंने तुरंत सोचा, "अरे, चलो और लोगों की मदद करते हैं।"
immediately I looked at,
"Hey, let's try to help more people."

अच्छा, मुझे इसे पकड़े हुए छोड़ दो।
[Jay Schneider] That's okay, just leave me hanging, holding it.

यह भारी तो नहीं है।
It's not heavy or anything.

इसे पीछे की ओर खिसकाओ...
[Barnes] It's safe, if you want to slide it back...

नहीं, मैं तुम्हारे साथ गड़बड़ कर रहा हूँ।
No, no. I'm messing with you.

मैं जेसन बार्न्स से भिन्न अंग वाले लोगों पर काम करने वाले फाउंडेशन लकी फ़िन के वीकेंड पर मिला।
So I met Jason Barnes
at an event called "Lucky Fin Weekend."

जेसन "जे" श्नाइडर फ़िल्म निर्माता
They're a foundation that deals with limb difference.
There we go.

- ठीक है। - और यह निकल गया।
-Ah, all right. -And it's out.

क्या तुम कभी बिना हुक के अपनी कार पर काम करते हो?
[Schneider] Do you ever work on your car

नहीं तो। मेरे लिए यह बहुत आसान और...
Not really. It's just way easier and efficient for me to...
without the hook?

हालांकि, हुक मुझे परेशान करता है।
The hook, the hook really trips me out, though, man.

मैंने लगभग 30 साल पहले अपनी बाँह गँवाई थी,
[Schneider] When I lost my hand,
it was close to 30 years ago,

और कृत्रिम बाँहें जैसे प्राचीन युग की थीं।
and prosthetics were kind of stuck in the Dark Ages.
[rock drums and bass playing]

सामान्यतः, उनसे बहुत कुछ नहीं हो पाता था,
In general, they didn't really do a whole lot,

और अगर वे हिल भी जाएँ,
and even if they moved,

तो उपयोग के हिसाब से वे बहुत निश्चेष्ट सी लगती थीं।
they seemed to be more passive than actually worthwhile to use.

मुझे दुर्घटना की बात करना पसंद नहीं, मुझे नहीं लगता वह मुझे परिभाषित कर सकती है।
I don't like to talk about my accident,
because I don't feel it defines me.

भिन्न अंग वाले लोगों की कथा में दुर्घटना होती है।
The narrative on limb-different people
has been the accident.

"ऐसा हुआ और ये अफ़सोसजनक चीज़ें हैं,"
"This is what happened, and these are these sad things,"

और यह इंस्पिरेशन पॉर्न बन जाता है।
and it becomes inspiration porn.

मेरे मामले में, उदाहरण के लिए, अगर मैं कुछ करता हूँ,
For me, for example, right, if I do something,

मैं बहुत अच्छा करना चाहता हूँ,
I have to, like, smash it out of the park,

क्योंकि नहीं तो उसमें...
because otherwise I feel like there's gonna be this,

"ओह, उसने काफ़ी ठीक किया क्योंकि उसके एक हाथ नहीं है।"
"Oh, well, he did it good enough because he's missing his hand."

- हाँ, हाँ। - और मैं जैसे, "भाड़ में जाओ!"
-Yeah, yeah. -And I'm like, "F that!"

मैं... मैं जो भी काम करूँ उतना ही अच्छा या बेहतर करूँगा
Like, I want to... I'm gonna be as good or better than somebody with two hands

जितना कोई दो हाथ वाला कर सकता है।
doing whatever I'm doing, you know?

अपनी ज़िंदगी के इस मुकाम पर कृत्रिम हाथ,
Prosthetics, at this point in my life,

मुझे ऐसी चीज़ नहीं लगते जो मैं चाहता हूँ या मुझे ज़रूरत है।
don't really seem like something I would want or need.

मैनुअल रोबोटिक कृत्रिम अंग ठीक से नहीं अपनाए गए।
[Weinberg] Manual robotic prosthetics

छिन्न अंग वाले उन्हें आज़माते हैं,
Amputees try them,
have not been adopted well.

और वे उनका उपयोग जारी नहीं रखते।
and then they don't continue to use them.

हाँ, दोस्त, प्रयोगशाला देखने को उत्साहित हो?
[Barnes] Yeah, man, you stoked to check out the lab?

हाँ, हाँ, बेशक।
Yeah, yeah, for sure.

अभी, मैं एकमात्र छिन्न अंग वाला हूँ जिसने कभी
Right now, I'm the only amputee that's ever used

स्काईवॉकर बाँह का उपयोग किया हो।
the Skywalker Arm before.

क्या तुम्हारे... क्या तुम दाएं हाथ से काम करते थे?
Did you have... were you right-handed?

नहीं, बाएँ हाथ से काम करता था।
No, I was born left-handed, actually.

ओह, भाग्यशाली हो।
Oh, you lucky bastard.

- हाँ, है न? - मैं दाएँ हाथ से काम करता था।
-Yeah, I know, right? -I was right-handed.

यह बहुत ज़रूरी था कि
[Barnes] It was extremely important

हम अन्य छिन्न अंग वाले लोगों समेत,
to get as many different people as we can in there,

यथासंभव भिन्न लोगों को वहाँ लाएँ।
including other amputees.

ऐसे लोगों का मिलना मुश्किल है जो सामान्यतः छिन्न अंग वाले हैं,
It's hard to find people that are amputees in general,

और फिर ऊपरी छोर के छिन्न अंग वाले अगली बात है,
and then, like, upper-extremity amputees is the next thing,

और फिर ऐसे लोगों को खोजना जो अपना सुविधा क्षेत्र छोड़ने को तैयार हों
and then finding people who are willing,
to step out of their comfort zone

- और फिर इसे करना... - सही है।
-and then do this. -Right.

जब मैं जेसन से मिला,
[Schneider] When I met Jason,

मुझे बहुत दिलचस्प लगा कि हममें बहुत समानताएँ थीं,
I found it really interesting that we had a lot in common,

क्योंकि हम दोनों की दिलचस्पी कारों और संगीत में थी।
because we were both into cars, we were both into music.

- हैलो, गिल। - हैलो। क्या हाल हैं?
-Hi, Gil. -Hey. What's up?

- जेसन। मिलकर अच्छा लगा। - मुझे भी मिलकर अच्छा लगा।
-Jason. Nice to meet ya. -Nice meeting you.

वह टेक्नोलॉजी के मामले में मुझसे एक या दो कदम आगे है।
He's a step or two ahead of me with the technology stuff.

यह हाथ ऐसे काम करता है कि यह
[Barnes] The way this hand works is it essentially picks up

मेरे बाकी बचे हाथ से अल्ट्रासाउंड संकेत लेता है,
the ultrasound signals from my residual limb,

तो जब मैं अपनी तर्जनी हिलाता हूँ,
so when I move my index finger,

यह मेरी तर्जनी हिलाएगा...
it'll move my index...

अनामिका...
ring...

पहली बार,
[Schneider] Wow, for the first time,

कृत्रिम हाथ इतने बेहतर हैं कि
prosthetics are finally getting to the point

असली इंसानी हाथ के बहुत करीब हैं।
where they're getting pretty close
to actual human hand.

पता है, इससे मुझमें उत्साह आ गया। लगा,
You know, it got me excited. I was like,

"यही तो चीज़ है जिसका मुझे इंतज़ार था।"
"This is the type of thing that I've been waiting for."

अगर मैं फिर कभी कुछ आज़माऊँगा,
If I was ever going to try one again,

तो यही वह होगा जिसे मैं देखना चाहूँगा।
this would be the type of stuff that I would want to check out.

जब मैं अपना अंगूठा हिलाता हूँ...
When I move my thumb...
[laughter]

मुझे अपने अनुभव से पता है कि यह हमेशा बिलकुल सही काम नहीं करता।
I know from experience
that it's not always working perfectly.

मेरे लिए यह दिलचस्प है कि कोई और यहाँ आकर
It's very interesting for me to have someone else

हमारी तकनीक आज़माए, यह देखने के लिए कि क्या इस तकनीक को आम बनाया जा सकता है।
who comes and tries our technology
to see if it can be generalized.

क्या मेरी बाँह गर्म हो रही है क्योंकि तुम इसे लपेट रहे हो,
Is my arm getting warmer because you're wrapping it,

या इसमें गर्मी है?
or does that have heat in it?

क्रिस डनिंग हैंगर क्लीनिक
-It does have heat in it. -Oh, okay.

- इसमें गर्मी होती है। - अच्छा।

अगर जे बाँह आज़माने के लिए तैयार है, तो पहली चीज़ यह होगी
First thing we need, if we're gonna get Jay to try the hand,

कि हमें उसकी बाँह में उसके हिसाब से फिट होने वाला सॉकेट चाहिए
is we need to get a custom-fit socket to his arm

जो सुविधाजनक हो, ठीक से फिट होता हो और आरामदेय हो।
that's comfortable and fits nice and snug.

जब वे यह करते हैं तुम्हें ठीक लगता है?
You comfortable when they do this?

मेरे लिए यह थोड़ा अटपटा है।
This is the most awkward part for me.

- नहीं, यह कुछ अजीब था। - हाँ। हाँ।
-Nah, it was kinda weird. -Ah, yeah. Yeah.

मैं 12 साल का था जब मैंने अपनी बाँह गँवाई मैंने छह महीने तक कृत्रिम बाँह लगाई थी,
I was 12 years old when I lost my hand

और तबसे मैंने उसका इस्तेमाल नहीं किया,
and pretty much ever since then, I haven't used it,
and had a prosthetic for six months,

और अब लगभग 30 साल हो गए हैं।
and it's been close to 30 years now.

और यह तुम्हारे हाथ की छाप है।
And there's the impression of your arm.

जितना सोचा उससे आसान है।
That's way easier than I thought it was gonna be.

मज़ेदार है, हाँ!
That's wild, yeah!

संभव है यह मेरे लिए सही न हो, पर यह कुछ ऐसा है
It may not be right for me, but this is something

जो सच में लोगों के जीवन में मदद कर सकता है।
that could really, really help people's lives.

यह सच में मज़ेदार होगा
It would be really cool

तकनीक विकसित करने में मदद करना।
to have a hand in helping to develop the technology.

ठीक है।
All right.

ठीक है, तैयार?
All right, ready?

बस इसे पहन लो।
Just slide it in.

इसे घुमाओ। कस लो।
Turn this... tighten.

कितना कस कर?
How tight?
[knob ratcheting]

जितना कस सकते हो, दर्द शुरू होने तक...
As tight as you can before it really hurts...

- सच? - क्योंकि यह जितना कसा होगा,
-Oh, really? -...because the tighter it is,

- उतनी ही बेहतर रीडिंग हमें मिलेगी। - ठीक है।
-the better reading we'll see. -Okay.

- अब हम जाँच के लिए लगाते हैं... - ठीक है।
-Now we apply the probe... -Okay.

तो यह तुम्हारी गतिविधि को पढ़ सकता है।
...so it can read your movements.

अब, हमें कलन गणित और मशीन लर्निंग पर भी काम करना है,
Now we also
have to work on the algorithm and the machine learning,

और इसके लिए, तुम्हें अभ्यास करना होगा।
and for this, we will need you to train.

ठीक है।
Okay.

सक्षम शरीर वाले इंसान के बतौर, जब तुम उँगली हिलाते हो,
An able-bodied person, when you move your finger,

तुम अपनी उँगली के बारे में नहीं सोचते।
you're not thinking about moving your finger,

तुम बस इसे करते हो, क्योंकि हम ऐसे ही बने हैं।
you just do it, because that's how we're hardwired,

पर, सच में, मुझे तो याद भी नहीं
but, honestly, I don't really remember

उस हाथ के साथ कैसा लगता था।
what it was like to even have that hand.

हालांकि छिन्न अंग वाले इंसान के हाथ में अंगूठा नहीं होता,
[Weinberg] Even though an amputee doesn't have a thumb,

पर उनके माँसपेशियाँ होती हैं।
they still have the muscle.

तुम्हें अब भी कोई तो याद होगी कि अपनी उँगलियाँ कैसे हिलाते थे,
You still have some kind of memory

और तुम अपनी फैंटम उँगलियाँ हिलाने के बारे में सोच सकते हो,
and you can think about moving your phantom fingers,
of how you moved your fingers,

और माँसपेशियाँ उसी के हिसाब से हिलेंगी,
and the muscles would move accordingly,

और हम इसी का उपयोग करेंगे
and that's exactly what we use in order to, uh,

फिर से गतिविधि बनाने और उसे कृत्रिम बाँह में डालने के लिए।
recreate the motion and put it in a prosthetic arm.

पर क्या जे को अब भी याद होगा कि उँगलियों को कैसे हिलाए
But does Jay still remember how to move fingers

जो उसके पास लगभग 30 साल पहले से नहीं हैं?
that he didn't have for, I believe, 30 years ago?

अब हम मॉडल चलाएँगे,
Now we'll run the model,

और तुम हाथ को नियंत्रित कर पाओगे।
and you'll be able to control the hand.

तुम आशावादी हो। मैं उँगलियाँ क्रॉस करता हूँ।
[chuckles] You're optimistic. I'm crossing fingers.

क्या मैं इन उँगलियों को क्रॉस कर सकता हूँ?
Can I cross these fingers? [laughs]

क्या... क्या अभी इसकी कोई संभावना है?
Is that... is that an option yet?

एक दिन के लिए जे का यहाँ आना
Having Jay here for a day

और यह उम्मीद करना कि यह संभव होगा कि वह हर एक उँगली को हिला पाएगा,
and hoping to get him to a point
that he controls finger by finger,

मुझे थोड़ी चिंता है कि इतने कम समय में
I'm a little concerned that it will not work

ऐसा नहीं हो पाएगा।
in such a short period of time.

ठीक है। और...
Okay. And...

- तैयार? - हाँ। तुम हर उँगली के साथ कोशिश करो।
-Ready? -Yeah. You should try each of the fingers.

ठीक है, यह अंगूठा है...
All right, that's the thumb...

- ओह। - अकल्पनीय।
-Oh, shit! -Unbelievable.

अच्छा, तर्जनी।
All right, index...

वाह!
Yay!

मैं हैरान हूँ।
Wow, I'm surprised.

बीच की उँगली।
Middle...

यार।
[Barnes] Dude.

पाँच में से पाँच?
Five for five?

सभी पाँच।
-[all cheering] -All five of them!

- वाह। - यह अद्भुत है।
-Whoa. -That's wild.

फिर से करता हूँ।
All right, let me do it again.

तुम बिलकुल सहज हो, यार।
You're a natural, man.

यह बहुत मज़ेदार नहीं लगता?
Doesn't that feel crazy?

- हाँ! - अद्भुत लग रहा है।
-Yeah! -Feels wild.

- नहीं सोचा था यह इतना अच्छा होगा। - नहीं।
-I didn't think it'd be as good. -I didn't either.

जब यह काम करने लगा उसने मेरी पीठ में मारा, तो...
He hit me in the back after it worked, so...

यह पहली बार है।
That's the first time.

अपनी शुरुआत में ही, यह बहुत बड़ा बदलाव है,
[Schneider] It's like a game-changer, even in its infancy,

यह बहुत ही अद्भुत है, क्योंकि इसके बाद तो बेहतर ही होगा।
which is kind of insane,
because it can only get better from there.

इसका थोड़ा सा हिस्सा बन पाना बहुत शानदार है।
And it's really cool to play a small part in that.

अब हमारे दो मुख्य लक्ष्य है।
[Weinberg] Now we have two main goals.

पहले, तुम्हें अपनी माँसपेशियों या फैंटम उँगली को हिलाना है,
First, you need to move your muscle or your phantom finger,

और तुरंत ही प्रतिक्रिया देखनी है, तो यह शोध की एक दिशा है।
and immediately see response, so this is one direction of research.

दूसरी दिशा है इसे अधिक सही बनाना।
The other direction is to make it more accurate.

कीबोर्ड, कम्प्यूटर माउस आदि का
Being able to type on a keyboard,

उपयोग करने, बोतल का ढक्कन खोल पाने आदि में सक्षम होना,
use a computer mouse, uh, open a water bottle,

जिसे अधिकतर लोग उतना महत्व नहीं देते हैं।
things like that that most people take for granted.

यह बिलकुल, पता है, वैज्ञानिक फ़िल्म जैसा है, जो अभी लिखी जाने वाली है।
It's kind of like a... you know, sci-fi movie, soon to be written.

हो जाए दो ताली, है न?
-[laughter] -Give us five, right?

यह अजीब है। रोबोट हाथ से रोबोट हाथ का मिलना। बढ़िया।
That's awkward... oh, robot to robot hand.
Nice!

- यह... यह असली था, है न? - हाँ।
-That's... that was real, right? -Yeah.

अगर मुझे पता चला तुम लोगों ने उस डेस्क के नीचे बटन लगा रखा है...
If I find out you guys had a button under that desk...

नहीं, नहीं, वादा है। मेरा वादा है।
No, nah, I promise. I promise.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि और रोबोटिक्स के माध्यम से
[Downey] What began as one man's pursuit

संगीत में कुछ नया करने के लिए एक इंसान की खोज से जो शुरू हुआ था
to innovate music through A.I. and robotics

अप्रत्याशित ढंग से कुछ बहुत बड़ा बन गया।
unexpectedly became something much greater.

इंसान के शरीर का बायोनिक हाथ से सहयोग करना एक बात है।
A human body cooperating with a bionic hand

पर क्या एक मशीन को इतना इंसानी बना देना संभव है कि वह बिलकुल सजीव लगने लगे?
but is it possible to humanize a machine
is one thing...
to the point that it truly seems lifelike?

या यह अब भी वैज्ञानिक कहानी है, और बहुत दूर की बात है?
Or is that still sci-fi, and far, far away?

ऑकलैंड, न्यूज़ीलैंड

विल के साथ चीज़ें कैसी रहीं?
[Greg] How did things go with Will?
[Sagar] You know, one of the real challenges there

एक असली चुनौती यह थी कि हम पर्याप्त सामग्री जमा कर लें

जिसके साथ हम असल में शुरू कर पाएँ।
was just getting enough material
that we could actually come back with.

संभवतः हम किसी के असली व्यक्तिव को नहीं पकड़ सकते,
We can't possibly capture somebody's real personality,

पता है, यह असंभव है।
you know, that's impossible,

पर इसके कारगर होने के लिए,
but in order for it to really work,

यह ज़रूरी है कि हम विल के एहसास को पकड़ पाएँ।
it's really important to capture a feeling of Will.

सही है, तो...
Right, so...

विल का अवतार असल में मार्क का पहला प्रयास है
[Downey] Will's avatar is actually Mark's first go

एक असली इंसान की डिजिटल नकल बनाने का।
at creating a digital copy of a real person.

यह बहुत अच्छा लग रहा है।
Wow, that's looking pretty good.

वह बस किसी इंसान का, किसी हद तक, क्लोन बनाने का प्रयास नहीं कर रहे,
[Downey] He's not just trying to clone a human,

पर एक कृत्रिम स्टैंड-इन बनाने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं
by any stretch,
but trying to create an artificial stand-in

जो काफ़ी विश्वसनीय हो।
that's somewhat believable.

पहली बार किए गए बहुत से कामों की तरह इसमें अभी अड़चनें हैं,
Still, like most firsts, it's bumpy,

और यह एक अनजान जगह के लिए चौकस राह है।
and it's a cautious road into the unknown.

छवियों को देखते हुए
[tech] A big challenge that I've found

मैं जो एक बड़ी चुनौती महसूस कर रहा हूँ
while I've been looking through a lot of the images

वह यह कि ऐसा लगता है विल शॉट्स के दौरान बहुत हिल रहे थे।
is it seems that Will was moving a lot during the shots.

अच्छा। जब हम डिजिटल विल बना रहे हैं,
[Colin Hodges] Okay. When we're building digital Will,

हमारी टीम में लगभग आठ कलाकार मिलकर काम कर रहे हैं
we have about eight artists on our team

सभी घटकों को जोड़कर कृत्रिम बुद्धि द्वारा संचालित एक असली पात्र बनाने के लिए...
and pull all of the different components
that come together
to bring together this real-time character

कॉलिन हॉजेस उपाध्यक्ष उत्पादन प्रबंधन, सोल मशीन्स
that's driven by the artificial intelligence

...जो बिलकुल विल की तरह बर्ताव करे।
to behave like Will behaves.

विल का व्यक्तित्व बनाने के लिए हमारे सामने बड़ी चुनौतियाँ हैं।
Big challenges we've got

हाँ। जैसे कि जो जीवंतता, ऊर्जा और
is how we create Will's personality.
Yeah. Like, the liveliness

उत्साह वह दिखाते हैं।
and the excitement.
and the energy that he generates,

चेहरे के बाल भी एक चुनौती थे।
The facial hair was a challenge.

क्योंकि वे इतने विरल हैं, कि त्वचा से उन्हें अलग करना मुश्किल काम था।
Because it's so sparse, it's quite tricky to get
the hair separated from the skin.

हमें यह एहसास विकसित करने में सक्षम होना होगा कि
[Sagar] We have to be able to synthesize

आप विल के साथ बातचीत कर रहे हैं।
the sort of feel that you're interacting with Will.

तो, टिया, मेरे पास सुनने के लिए कुछ है।
So, Teah, I've got some stuff to hear.

हमारे पास 16 भिन्न विकल्प हैं।
We've got 16 variations.

- 16 भिन्न विकल्प? - हाँ।
-16 variations? -Yeah.

हमारे पास आवाज़ का जो डाटा है हम उसे लेंगे,
[Sagar] We take the voice data that we've got,

और फिर हम विल के डिजिटल रूप को अलग-अलग चीजें
and then we can enable the digital version of Will

कहने में सक्षम बना सकते हैं।
to say all kinds of different things.

यह रहा पूर्वानुमान।
[digital Will] Here's the forecast.

सुनो, पूर्वानुमान देखो।
Yo, check out the forecast.

मौसम का हाल देखो।
Yo, check out the weather and shit.

यह रहा मौसम।
Here's the weather. Check out the weather.

हाँ, बारिश होने वाली है।
Yah, 'bout to make it rain!

शायद।
Kinda.

यह शानदार है। शब्द, उच्चारण, बल।
[Sagar] That's fantastic... the words,
the delivery, emphasis...

दिखाता है कि लोगों की प्रतिक्रिया कितनी जटिल होती है।
Shows you just how complex people react.

तकनीक की दुनिया में हम जहाँ हैं, वह शानदार है।
[will.i.am] It's awesome where we are in the world of tech.

पर साथ ही डरावना भी।
Scary where we are, as well.

मेरे दिमाग़ ने सोचना शुरू किया, "एक सेकंड रुको।
My mind started thinking, like, "Wait a second here.

मैं यह क्यों कर रहा हूँ?
Why am I doing this?

आखिरी परिणाम क्या है?"
What's the endgame?"

क्योंकि, अंततः, मैं नहीं रहूँगा,
Because, eventually, I won't be around,

पर यह रहेगा।
but it would.

विल का आखिरी परिणाम मार्क के आखिरी परिणाम से मामूली है।
[Downey] Will's endgame is more modest than Mark's:

इंस्टाग्राम पर फॉलो करने वालों की बढ़ी हुई संख्या, एक आभासी सहायक,
a beefed-up Instagram following, a virtual assistant,

कुछ भी जो उन्हें रचनात्मक आउटलेट का विस्तार करने में मदद करे
anything that might help him expand his creative outlets

या अधिक रचनात्मक और परोपकारी गतिविधियों के लिए खाली समय दे।
or free up time for more creative or philanthropic pursuits.

अच्छा, तो यह हुआ।
Okay, so, here we go.

यह सच में फ़र्क लग रहा है।
That's looking really different.

यह सच में दिलचस्प होने वाला है,
It's gonna be really interesting,

क्योंकि, पता है, आप हर रोज़ अपने आभासी स्वरूप का सामना नहीं करते।
because, you know, it's not every day
you get confronted with your virtual self.

सही है।
Right.

क्या उन्हें लगता है कि यह उनके जैसा है?
Does he feel that this is like him?

अगर यह उनका प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं कर रहा है
If it's not representative of him

या अगर उन्हें यह प्रामाणिक नहीं लगता है, तो वह इसका समर्थन नहीं करना चाहेंगे।
or if he doesn't think it's authentic,
then he won't want to support it.

- क्या हाल है, मार्क? - हैलो, कैसे हैं?
-What up, Mark? -Oh, hey, how are you?

- तुम मुझे देख सकते हो, न? - हाँ।
-You can see me, right? -Yes.

हाँ, क्या हाल है? मैं विल.आई.एम हूँ।
Yo, wassup? This is will.i.am.

यह तुम्हारा नया संस्करण है।
[laughing]
[Sagar] This is the new version of you.

हम उसे चश्मे दे सकते हैं।
We can give him glasses there.

बहुत बढ़िया है।
[will.i.am laughs] That's awesome.

मुझे याद है उस दिन मेरे चेहरे पर एक मुँहासा था। आपने उसे ले लिया है।
I remember I had a pimple on my face that day. You captured it.

अच्छी बात यह है कि यह डिजिटल है, और हम इसे आसानी से हटा सकते हैं।
The good thing is, it's digital,

आपने उसे हटाया क्यों नहीं?
How come you didn't remove that? [laughs]
and we can remove it really easily.

आप उससे अलग-अलग चीज़ें करवा सकते हैं।
[Sagar] You can make him do a variety of things.

चलो साइमन सेज़ बजाते हैं।
Let's play "Simon Says."

कहो, "मेरी आवाज़ लड़की जैसी लगती है।"
Say, "I sound like a girl."

मेरी आवाज़ लड़की जैसी लगती है।
I sound like a girl.

इसे ऊँचे स्वरमान में कहो।
Say that with a higher pitch.

मेरी आवाज़ लड़की जैसी लगती है।
[high voice] I sound like a girl.

अपनी भौंहें उठाओ।
Raise your eyebrows.

अपनी जीभ बाहर निकालो।
Poke out your tongue.
[Will laughs]

मुझे लॉस एंजेलिस में बड़े होने के बारे में बताओ।
[will.i.am] Tell me about growing up in Los Angeles.

मैं बॉयेल हाइट्स में पैदा हुआ और बड़ा हुआ हूँ,
I was born and raised in Boyle Heights,

जो पूर्वी लॉस एंजेलिस के पश्चिम में है,
which is west of east Los Angeles,

जो हॉलीवुड का पूर्वी भाग है।
which is east of Hollywood.

बस डाउनटाउन के पूर्व में।
Just east of downtown.

इसे बिलकुल मेरे जैसा लगना चाहिए? नहीं।
[will.i.am] Should it sound exactly like me?

क्या इसे रोबोट जैसा लगना चाहिए?
Should it sound a little bit robotic?
Nope.

हाँ। इसे रोबोट जैसा लगना चाहिए।
Yes. It should.

मेरी माँ के लिए।
For my mom.

मेरी माँ चकराएँ नहीं।
My mom should not be confused.

तुम्हारा नाम क्या है?
What's your name?
[in Spanish] Mi nombre es Will.

तुम स्पेनी बोलते हो?
[in English] You speak Spanish?

पता नहीं।
I don't know.
[laughing]

पता है इसे थोड़ा ठीक करने की ज़रूरत है,
I know it needs some fine-tuning,

पर अभी तक जो दिख रहा है वह अद्भुत है।
but the way it's looking so far

शुक्रिया, मार्क।
Thanks, Mark.
is mind-blowing.

हाँ, सब बढ़िया है।
Yeah, no worries.

अभी और कितनी दूर जाएँगे कि इसे जीवित...
[Sagar] How far do you go down that path
until you can label it a living...

"डिजिटल जीवित" पात्र का लेबल दे सकें?
a digital living character?

यह विज्ञान और, असल में, दर्शन के क्षेत्र में
This raises some of the deepest questions

कुछ गहरे सवाल उठाता है, स्वतंत्र इच्छा की प्रकृति का सवाल।
in science and philosophy, actually,

आप असल में ऐसा पात्र कैसे बनाएँ जो सच में स्वायत्त हो?
you know, the nature of free will.
How do you actually
build a character which is truly autonomous?

लुकाछिपी।
Peek-a-boo!

स्वतंत्र इच्छा क्या है? उसके लिए क्या करना ज़रूरी है?
What is free will? What does it take to do that?
[Baby X giggles]

जो हम कर रहे हैं, उसके लिए कृत्रिम बुद्धि महत्वपूर्ण है,
[Weinberg] Artificial Intelligence
is crucial to the work we are doing,

प्रेरित करने के लिए, हैरान करने के लिए,
to inspire, to surprise,

इंसान की रचनात्मकता को अज्ञात क्षेत्रों तक ले जाने के लिए।
to push human creativity and abilities
to uncharted domains.

अकल्पनीय।
Unbelievable.
[all cheering]
[playing drums]

स्वतंत्र इच्छा।
[Downey] Free will...

इससे हम हज़ारों सालों से जूझ रहे हैं,
...it's something we've been grappling with
for thousands of years, from Aristotle to Descartes,

अरस्तू से लेकर देकार्त तक,

और अगले हज़ारों सालों तक जूझते रहेंगे।
and will continue to grapple with for a thousand more.

क्या हम कभी ऐसी कृत्रिम बुद्धि बना पाएँगे जो अपने आप सोच पाए?
Will we ever be able to make an A.I.

क्या दूसरा, मेरा कृत्रिम संस्करण पूरी तरह से स्वायत्त है?
that can think on its own?
A second, artificial version of me

एक रॉबर्ट जो असल में अपने आप सोच और महसूस कर पाए,
A Robert that can actually think and feel on his own,
that is truly autonomous?

जब यह रॉबर्ट सो रहा हो?
while this Robert here takes a nap?

असंभव?
[engines roaring]
Impossible?

ख़ैर, जब आप सोचें
Well, when you consider

कि मानवीय सहयोग क्या संपन्न कर चुका है,
what human cooperation has already accomplished...

चंद्रमा पर इंसान का जाना,
a man on the moon...

इंसानी जीनोम को डीकोड करना,
decoding the human genome...

दूर की आकाशगंगाओं की खोज करना,
discovering faraway galaxies...

मैं "पृथ्वी सपाट है" मानने वाले लोगों की तुलना में
I'd put my money on dreamers like Mark and Gil

मार्क और गिल जैसे सपने देखने वालों पर ज़्यादा यकीन करूँगा।
over the "Earth is flat" folks any day.

तब तक, सोने का समय है।
Until then... nap time.

आज हमारी दुनिया को देखो।
[man 1] Look at our world today.

हमने जो कुछ भी रचा है उसे देखो।
Look at everything we've created.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि
Artificial Intelligence is gonna be

अगले स्तर की टेक्नोलॉजी होगी।
the technology that takes that to the next level.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि दुनिया की आबादी का पेट भरने में हमारी मदद कर सकती है।
[man 2] Artificial Intelligence can help us
to feed the world's population.

यह तथ्य कि हम यह जान सकते हैं कि कहाँ अकाल पड़ सकता है,
[man 3] The fact that we can find where famine might happen,

विस्मयकारी है।
it's mind-blowing.

ये विचार करने के क्षेत्र हैं,
These are conflict areas,

यह वह क्षेत्र है जिसकी सुरक्षा की हमें ज़रूरत है।
this is an area that we need to look at protecting.

तो कृत्रिम बुद्धि लॉन्च करो।
Then launch A.I.

हम तुम्हारी कार पर गति सीमा जारी करने जा रहे हैं।
[man 4] We are going to release the speed limit on your car.

टिम, तुम मुझे सुन सकते हो?
Tim, can you hear me?

कृत्रिम बुद्धि के साथ, विचार आसान हैं, निष्पादन कठिन।
[man 5] With A.I.,
ideas are easy, execution is hard.

हम कहाँ जा रहे हैं इस बारे में जो मुझे खुशी देता है वह है और महाशक्तियों का होना।
[Domingos] What excites me the most about where we might be going

मैंने उसे पकड़ लिया।
[firefighter] I got him!
is having more super-powers...

और कृत्रिम बुद्धि हमारे दिमाग़ों के लिए महाशक्तियाँ हैं।
[Domingos] ...and A.I. is super-powers for our mind.

हालांकि अंग सिंथेटिक सामग्री से बने हैं,
[man 6] Even though the limb is synthetic materials,

पर वे ऐसे हिलते हैं जैसे कि हाड़-मांस के बने हों।
it moves as if it's flesh and bone.

आप ऐसी दुनिया की कल्पना कीजिए
[woman 1] You start to think about a world

जिसमें आप बीमारियों को होने से पहले रोक सकते हैं।
where you can prevent disease before it happens.

कृत्रिम बुद्धि हमें वह जवाब दे सकती है
[man 7] A.I. can give us that answer

जिसकी हमें अब तक तलाश थी।
that we've been seeking all along...

"क्या हम अकेले हैं?"
"Are we alone?"

मुझे यह पसंद है कि ऐसे जुनूनी लोग हैं
Bah!
[man 8] I love the idea that there are passionate people

जो इन चीज़ों को कामयाब बनाने के लिए अपना समय और ऊर्जा समर्पित कर रहे हैं।
to making these things happen.
dedicating their time and energy

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